Self-rescue and escape from sudden flash floods
The most common torrents are caused by heavy rains, usually referred to as flooding and landslides, collapsing, and mudslides that occur along rivers and gullies in mountainous areas. The collapse of flood control facilities can also trigger flash floods. Mountain torrent disasters refer to the hazards caused by flash floods, including casualties, property damage, infrastructure damage and environmental resource damage. Mountain flood disasters are divided into debris flow disasters, landslide disasters and river flood disasters.
Residents living in the Shanhong-prone areas or gullies, canyons, and creeks must maintain a high degree of vigilance in the event of heavy rains, especially at night. If there is any abnormality, they should immediately organize personnel to flee the scene and choose a safe place to stay. And try to contact the outside world to do the next rescue work. Don't be lucky or save the property and delay the opportunity to avoid disasters, causing undue casualties.
What should I do if I encounter a sudden flash flood? The following measures should be taken:
1 Be sure to stay calm, quickly judge the surrounding environment, and transfer to the mountains or higher places as soon as possible; if you can't avoid it for a while, you should choose a relatively safe place to avoid floods.
2 When a mountain torrent breaks out, do not run along the direction of the floodway, but quickly avoid it from both sides.
3 When the flash floods occur, don't easily cross the river.
4 Being trapped in the mountains by mountain floods, you should contact the local government flood control department in time to seek assistance. When the flood comes, be sure to follow the arrangements of the people involved. Never swim in the water. No matter what happens to you, don't panic, learn to send out a distress signal, such as shaking clothes or branches, calling for help.
Expert Tip: In the face of rising floods, when you are on the ground floor or in the low places, you should move to the upper floors and high places one by one with the rising flood.
When it is no longer possible to transfer to a higher place, you should carefully observe and judge whether the water potential continues to rise; whether the rising flood is life-threatening; whether there is a safer place nearby; whether it can be reached safely.
When it is necessary to transfer, it is necessary to formulate a strict, safe and feasible plan.
Note: Do not panic, make a wrong judgment, and cause the action to fail.
What to do when the flood roars
What should I do if the roaring flood suddenly comes?
When you encounter a flood, you must first run to a high ground and avoid contact with the flood. Even if it is only 15 liters of water, its flow is very fast, and it is easy to knock you down. Water of 60 PCT water can run your car and put you at risk.
If it is in an inundation area with a water depth of 0.7 to 2 meters, evacuation measures should be taken in a timely manner. Every asylum seeker must find out where the flood first floods and where to flood it to choose the best route to avoid the passive situation of “people coming to the floodâ€.
At the same time, asylum seekers must also recognize the road signs. In areas where floods occur frequently, the government builds refuge roads. In general, this road should be a one-way line to reduce traffic chaos and congestion. On those refuge roads, there are road signs indicating the direction of advancement. Refugees should identify the road signs well, avoid blindly taking the wrong road, and then return to the back, causing unnecessary confusion such as collisions and crowding with other people.
In the floods, due to their own pains and huge losses to the family, the asylum seekers are already heart-wrenching. If they are tempted by rumors, the sudden shouts in the refuge team, the screams of police cars and ambulances, the external disturbances. It is easier to create unnecessary panic and confusion. Therefore, it is necessary to maintain a calm mood during the asylum process. Mastering “disaster psychology†is actually a kind of learning. In a flood detention area with a population of 1.5 million, there was an asylum exercise. It was just an exercise. It was because of the chaos of people that it collapsed a bridge and there was a death and injury.
Disaster avoidance experts believe that the choice of shelters cannot be ignored. Refuge should generally choose to be in the place closest to home, with high terrain and convenient transportation. It should have upper and lower water facilities, good sanitary conditions, and good communication and transportation links with the outside world. Most of the cities are flat roofs of high-rise buildings, schools with high terrain or strong buildings, hospitals, and parks with high terrain and good conditions.
There are two types of shelters in rural areas. One is on the embankment, but there are poor sanitation conditions, lack of upper and lower water facilities, and lack of direct drinking water. In addition, humans and animals eat, drink, and excrete in one place, and domestic garbage accumulates, which is highly susceptible to disease. . The second is the village-to-village, household-to-household, and the neighboring villages form a long-term “opponent village†relationship with the affected villages. In flood-prone villages, the government forms “opponent households†by issuing cards to provide shelter for the people in the disaster areas. What is not available to foreign countries is a good tradition that our people have long maintained with the floods.
In addition, if there is heavy rain when traveling in the mountains, there are thousands of minutes and more than half an hour, and there is a possibility of flash floods. Inexperienced city people often swim in the ravines and swim in the river after the heavy rain, and the coaches are still in dangerous places, which is dangerous. In recent years, such casualties have occurred in famous scenic spots such as Zhangjiajie, Huangshan, Shishiyan and Lushan.
In the event of rain or rain, sudden storms of water will rush to valleys and riverbeds. Floods often carry silt and debris from trees and rocks that can be put to death, so don't stay at the foot of the mountain, or you will be flooded by the washed down flood.
Therefore, in the rain in the mountains, you must immediately look for higher places to avoid disasters, while obeying the command of the management. As a tourism department, it is also responsible for setting warning signs at flood-prone areas and landslides, and providing visitors with explanatory materials on where dangers may occur in the scenic spots.
Expert Tip: When the flood hits, it is too late to transfer and how to do it. For example, build a temporary tent on the roof of a solid foundation.
When you are in a dangerous building, evacuate quickly and look for a safe and secure place to avoid falling into the water.
Unless the flood may have washed the building or the surface of the water has not been forced to evacuate, do not move, wait for the flood to stop rising and then flee.
Make wooden rafts and other escape items. Use the communication facilities to contact the rescue. The help-seeking signal can be emitted by the reflection of the spectacle lens and the mirror under the sunlight.
At night, a distress signal is sent out using a flashlight and a flare.
When rescuers are found, they should promptly wave bright clothes, red scarves and other items to send a rescue signal.
Preparation measures before the flood
China has a vast territory, and there are floods in some places, almost every year. Severe flooding usually occurs in river valleys, coastal areas and low-lying areas. During the rainy season, people in these places must be extra careful to prevent flooding. So, what should we prepare for?
1 Listen to the flood warning during the rainy season and learn more about the height to which the water surface may rise and the areas that may be affected.
2 When a flood occurs, there is usually sufficient warning time. Flood flow is relatively slow compared to the rapids after heavy rains. In the face of possible sensation, first of all, outside the threshold (if the flood is expected to rise very high, it should also be outside the bottom window) to build a waterproof wall, the best material is sandbags, that is, sacks, plastic woven bags Or rice bags, noodle bags, sand, gravel, clay, cinder, etc., and then use old carpets, old blankets, old cotton wool, etc. to block the gap between doors and windows.
3 When the flood is coming, it is necessary to make necessary material preparations, which can greatly improve the success rate of hedging.  Prepare a radio to listen to and learn about all relevant information.
Prepare a large amount of drinking water, more canned juice and long shelf life food, and bundle and seal to prevent mold and deterioration.
Prepare warm clothing and medicines for colds, dysentery, and skin infections.
Prepare items that can be used as communication contacts, such as flashlights, candles, lighters, etc., to prepare brightly colored clothing and flags, whistle, etc., in case of unexpected signals.
The car is full of oil and is guaranteed to be ready at any time. 4 During the high flood season, it is necessary to reserve drinking water, warm clothing and fire-fighting equipment, especially in remote mountainous areas. Be sure to prepare yourself for self-reliance and collect ropes or sheets for use from time to time.
5 Usually learn the skills of making simple rafts, and tie them with anything that can float in the water, such as beds, wooden beams, boxes, logs, wardrobes, etc.
Expert Tip: When the flood comes, prepare for the flood of life-saving items, and choose everything that can save life to escape.
Pick large containers, such as oil drums, water buckets, etc. After quickly pouring out the original liquid, re-close the lid and seal it.
Empty beverage bottles, wooden barrels or plastic barrels all have a certain floating force and can be bundled together for emergency.
The buoyancy of football, basketball and volleyball is very good.
Wood furniture such as trees, tables and chairs, cabinets and cabinets have a floating force.
If there is continuous heavy rain and heavy storms, be alert, stay away from waterways and low-lying areas, and be safer to camp in the highlands. If the water level rises, it will move to a higher area. Because animals also hide high, whether carnivores or weak animals are concentrated in a safe area, so the initial source of food will not be a problem when the flood comes. But still be careful of the animals in the water and avoid being hurt. Water may be contaminated, so drinking water will be tight. You can collect rainwater and cook it before you drink it.
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