Is chemotherapy good? Can genetic testing change the cancer treatment process?
When you hear "hualiao" (whether it is "chemotherapy" or "therapy"), ordinary people will have a stereotype of chemotherapy, such as hair loss, vomiting, fatigue, and even death. Of course, these negative effects of chemotherapy are not only reflected in the patient's clinical manifestations, but clinicians are also increasingly concerned about the harm of chemotherapy to patients. More and more studies have shown that systemic chemotherapy poses a greater risk and may even threaten the lives of patients. It is time to find a solution to this historical problem.
At the end of last month, a group of British scientists used the national breast cancer and lung cancer chemotherapy data from the public health department in England to comprehensively analyze the 30-day mortality rate of patients after chemotherapy. This is the first time ever to use national data to analyze the survival of cancer after chemotherapy. Using these data, the researchers analyzed the effects of age, health, and other factors on the outcome of chemotherapy. Provides a reliable baseline "chemotherapy" for chemotherapy in UK patients. Their research results were finally published in The Lancet Cancer.
In today's advocacy of " precise medical care ", it is often difficult for doctors to make clinical treatment decisions simply relying on the "baseline" of thick lines. Doctors obviously need more data to make accurate judgments and decisions. In recent years, the cost of gene sequencing has been decreasing, and more and more cancer patients are beginning to try genetic testing as an aid to cancer diagnosis. With the continuous accumulation of genetic testing data, the role of genetic testing results in cancer treatment decision-making has gradually emerged.
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Chemotherapy, or no chemotherapy?
There are some patients with early breast cancer who have completed surgery, but traditional clinical tests still indicate that the patient is at a high risk of recurrence. For these patients, doctors usually arrange for further chemotherapy. Although doctors know that this is superfluous for some patients, for the sake of caution, doctors will still arrange chemotherapy for patients because doctors can't distinguish between these "high-risk" patients, which are really high and which are false. A research paper published in the New England Journal on August 25 gave doctors a reliable way to judge whether to do or not. This method may solve the problem of over-treatment of patients to a certain extent.
Dr. Fatima Cardoso and others tested 70 breast cancer-related genes in nearly 7,000 early breast cancer patients. They found that 1,550 patients who showed a high risk of clinical deterioration showed a low risk of worsening the genetic test results. They randomly divided these patients into two groups, one receiving adjuvant chemotherapy and the other not receiving chemotherapy.
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Dr. Fatima Cardoso, Director of Breast Surgery at the Champalimaud Clinical Center, and President of the International Conference on Advanced Breast Cancer, Lisbon, Portugal
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