Cotton rotten bells, commonly known as pods (mildew) peaches, have happened almost every year.
Cotton rotten bells are caused by a variety of bacteria that infest the cotton bolls. The main diseases of cotton boll are disease, anthracnose, angular spot disease, red rot, pinkish pink disease, and black fruit disease, among which the disease is the main disease type of rotten bell, accounting for 28.3% to 99.7% of the boll disease. The prevention measures are as follows:
Rational fertilization: Increase the application of organic fertilizers, phosphorus and potash fertilizers, and appropriate nitrogen fertilizers to prevent the growth of cotton plants, reduce the closure of cotton fields, and improve the ventilation and light transmission. Timely drainage: For the low-lying, poorly drained and heavily-watered cotton fields, drains should be deepened in order to speed up drainage. Exclude the dark stains on the cotton fields and reduce the environmental conditions of cotton growth and development, achieve multi-crusted cotton, not premature aging, and reduce the damage caused by the bell disease. In addition, for the drainage of cotton fields and prevention of cotton lodging problems, soil cultivation before the flowering of cotton is also an effective agronomic measure.
Moderate chemical control: In the cotton fields with good fertilizer and water conditions, the cotton plants are prone to growth and should be sprayed in the middle and early stages of cotton growth to regulate the growth of cotton, prevent the cotton plants from growing in length, and reduce the damage caused by the bollworm disease.
Adjusting the bell: There are too many prunes in the mulch or early-onset cotton. By taking effective measures to adjust the cotton's bell-ring period and the site of the bell, the rotten bell can be reduced. Early-onset cotton promotes the removal of early buds on the lower 1–4 fruit branches or early removal of the first and second fruit branches.
Reasonable pruning: For cotton fields that are too narrow in row spacing and closed lines, in order to reduce the excessive dew coverage in the field and improve the light conditions and ventilation conditions in the lower and middle parts, the core should be beaten as soon as possible, which can reduce the shedding of bells and the rotten bell.
The cultivator loose soil: promote intercropping cultivating loose soil, remove the ground panel knot, reduce the humidity of the cotton field, improve the environmental conditions for cotton growth, and reduce the cotton rotten bell.
Picking up sick bells: For bolls longer than 40 days, the bolls have faded and turned yellow and began to have dark spots of bolls. The picked bolls were soaked in a 1% ethephon solution and then dried to obtain cotton with good bolls.
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