Dengue fever is critical for mosquito prevention
The dengue virus is a small flavivirus that belongs to the genus of the yellow fever virus and can cause an acute infectious disease of dengue fever. It is usually spread by Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus that bite people during the day. Dengue virus can cause a series of clinical symptoms, including life-threatening Hemorrhagic shock syndrome and less common acute hepatitis with hepatic failure and encephalopathy. Infection of the dengue fever virus can cause sudden fever, severe muscle pain, osteoarthritis, and extensive bleeding and rapid shock.
Dengue virus (DEN) is the pathogen of dengue fever, dengue haemorrhagic fever, and dengue shock syndrome (DHF/DSS). It has been widely used in the tropical and subtropical regions of the world with Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus as the media. In more than 60 countries and regions, more than 100 million people are infected every year, and more than 2.5 billion people are threatened. The spread of the dengue virus has now become a serious public health problem in the tropical and subtropical regions.
Dengue fever is an acute infectious disease caused by the dengue virus. It is usually spread by Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus that bite people during the day. The disease initially occurred in the tropics, and it usually occurred in the rainy season in these areas. This environment can easily breed large numbers of mosquitoes carrying viruses. The outbreak of infectious diseases has become more and more serious, and the situation has become more and more serious. The proportion of dengue fever hemorrhagic fever is also increasing. Every year, the World Health Organization receives approximately 500,000 reports of dengue fever. There are between 50 million and 100 million cases of dengue fever each year in the world, and 2.45 billion people are threatened with infection.
The incubation period is from 3 to 14 days, with an average of about 4 to 7 days. Dengue fever is clinically divided into typical, light and heavy.
1. Typical dengue fever
(1) Most of the onset of fever suddenly, body temperature rapidly above 39 °C, generally lasting 2 to 7 days, more irregular heat type, some cases in the first 3 to 5 days, body temperature dropped to normal, 1st and then increased again. Bimodal heat or saddle heat. In children, the onset is milder and the fever is lower. The onset was accompanied by systemic symptoms such as headache, back pain, muscle and joint pain, eyelid pain, and retrobulbar pain. There may be gastrointestinal symptoms such as hypersensitivity, nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain, poor appetite, diarrhea, and constipation. Face and eye conjunctival hyperemia, flushing of the neck and upper chest. Relatively slow veins may occur during the fever period.
(2) The rash appears on the 2-5th day after onset. The palm, sole, or trunk and abdomen are initially seen and gradually extend to the neck and limbs. Some patients are found on the face and may be rash, measles-like rash, scarlet fever-like rash, or erythematous rash. , Slightly itchy, but also in the heat of the last day or after the heat retreat, in the feet, legs behind the ankle, wrist back, armpits, etc., there is a small ecchymosis, fade within 1 to 3 days, short-lived brown spots, generally with Body temperature subsided at the same time.
(3) bleeding on the 5th to 8th after onset, about half of the cases may have different parts of different degrees of bleeding, such as epistaxis, skin deposition, gastrointestinal bleeding, hemoptysis, hematuria, vaginal bleeding.
(4) Other systemic lymph nodes may have mild enlargement with mild tenderness. Liver can be large, splenomegaly rare. Individual cases have jaundice. After the illness, the patient often feels weak, and it usually takes several weeks to fully recover.
2. Light dengue fever
The symptoms and signs are lighter than typical dengue fever, with less fever and systemic pain. There are few or no rashes, no bleeding tendency, and superficial lymph nodes are often swollen. Their clinical manifestations are similar to influenza and are easily overlooked. They are cured in 1 to 4 days.
3. Heavy Dengue fever
The early performance of the patient was similar to that of typical dengue fever. During the 3rd to 5th day of illness, the condition suddenly worsened, showing severe headache, nausea, vomiting, disturbance of consciousness, neck stiffness, and other meningitis. Some manifested as gastrointestinal bleeding and hemorrhagic shock. This type of disease often develops rapidly due to the disease, mostly due to central respiratory failure and hemorrhagic shock died within 24 hours.
prevention
1. Manage the source of infection
Local endemic areas or areas likely to be endemic should monitor and forecast dengue fever outbreaks, early detection, early diagnosis, and timely isolation and treatment. Specific laboratory tests should be performed as soon as possible to identify light patients. Suspicious patients should be given medical observations. The patients should be isolated in a sick room with a screened screen door. The isolation time should be no less than 5 days. Strengthen frontier health quarantine.
2. Cut off the route of transmission
Anti-mosquito and anti-mosquito are basic measures to prevent this disease. Improve the hygiene environment, eradicate breeding places for Aedes mosquitoes, and clean up stagnant water. Spray mosquito killer to eliminate adult mosquitoes.
3. Protect vulnerable people
Raise people's resistance to disease, pay attention to balanced nutrition, work and rest, exercise properly, and enhance physical fitness. During the epidemic, insect repellents are applied to susceptible people to prevent mosquito bites.
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