Appropriate growth temperature of watermelon is 25-30 °C, strengthen ventilation and humidity, can promote differentiation of female flowers in watermelon, inhibit the occurrence of watermelon disease. When the ventilator is ventilated, the ventilation openings of the bow shed must be small and large first, and the position of the ventilation should be gradually increased, the time gradually increased, and the position should be changed frequently to make the watermelon grow uniformly. Light management should be used to clean the shed film to keep the shed film clean and increase the light intensity to facilitate the synthesis and accumulation of more dry matter. In mid-May, the outside temperature was stable at more than 15°C.
Second, strengthen the cultivator
Because the suitable soil moisture content of watermelon seedlings is about 65% (the field identification method is to hold the soil into groups and loosen and loosen), the main measure of watermelon seedling stage and extension period in the small bow shed is multiple cultivators. Not irrigation. If the water is replenished many times, it will inevitably cause the watermelon to suffer from poor growth, even root death due to the low temperature in the early stage, excessive water, and poor root development. The cultivator has the functions of weeding, keeping moisture, ventilation, and warming. The method of cultivating is: depth should be deep and shallow (10-20cm). The cultivars should be shallow for the cultivator and should be far away from the ridges to avoid injury. In order to create a good soil structure and pore conditions, enhance soil permeability, increase ground temperature and promote root growth.
Third, timely pruning left vines, strengthen water and fertilizer management
Small bow shed watermelon plant spacing more than 60cm, can take three vine pruning, three vines pruning nutrient area, fruit set easily, neatly. When the plant spacing is below 50cm, take two vine pruning. Bow shed watermelon promote irrigation two water, a vine. The first female flower is watered before it is opened. In this period, the amount of irrigation water should be small, so that the amount of water can be too large and the ground temperature can reduce the growth of the watermelon. In the second water, the fruit is watered when it reaches the size of the egg. At this time, the plant grows in large quantities and the temperature is high. When the amount of water required is large, sufficient water should be poured in time. The standard is that after the irrigation, the moisture content of the soil in the bowl will reach 75%, but note that the water cannot pass through the bowl. In order to prevent the watermelon root system died of hypoxia. The best time for watermelon dressing is to sit firmly on the watermelon fruit. When there is egg size, potassium fertilizer should be used as top dressing during this period, and NPK fertilizer should be used in conjunction with it. Application of urea 8kg per mu, superphosphate 10kg, potassium sulfate 10kg, hole applied at 0.8m from the rhizosphere, depth 15-20cm.
IV. Pest Control
1. Diseases: Major diseases of watermelon in small bow sheds include anthracnose, powdery mildew, blight and blight. Powdery mildew can be used in the world high, Tsui Bei or 50% sulfur suspension 500 times control (be careful not to use Triadimefon); anthrax can be used 80% anthrax Fumei 800 times control; can be used 75% chlorothalonil WP 600 Times of liquid, or 25% of the 100 grams of 1500 times liquid; If found that watermelon plants begin to shrink during the day, sooner or later to recover, repeated after a few days the whole plant wilting withered. Cross-cut stems and vascular bundles turn brown. Can be identified as watermelon wilt disease, should promptly irrigate the roots, with 40% of the trematodes 400 times, or 80% dexamethasone 3000 times, or 75% chlorothalonil 4000 times Irrigation root.
2. Physiological diseases
Leaf yellowing: Field symptoms were yellowing of the leaf margins, parachute-like curls on the outside of the leaves, yellow fibers in the flesh, and field deformed fruit and oblateberry fruit. Occurred in the flowering fruit period. The reason is the lack of Ca. The main measure of prevention and control is watering the first female flower in the small bow shed immediately before opening. The auxiliary measure is to spray 0.2% Cacl21 times before opening the male flower and spray once after fruiting.
Physiological wilting: Mostly occurred during the fruit enlargement period. Noon diseased leaves were wilted and recovered at night. The whole plant withered after 3-4 days. The prevention and control measures should be repeated cultivating after mid-to-late April. The depth should be from deep to shallow, and the temperature should be kept warm to promote root development. Before May, no irrigation was allowed in the field to prevent the growth of roots from being blocked due to a drop in ground temperature after irrigation.
3. Locusts:
Control measures: Avoid watermelon flowering and fruit setting, spray with 10% imidacloprid wettable powder 1000-2000 times, or use 25% acetabular net wettable powder 1000 times.
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