Crayfish is a freshwater economy shrimp. Because of its omnivorous nature, fast growth, and strong adaptability, it forms a competitive advantage in the local ecological environment. Ingestion includes aquatic grasses, algae, and aquatic insects. In recent years, due to soaring consumption, breeding crayfish has become a new way for farmers to increase their income. This issue introduces a group of summer crayfish rearing techniques for farmers' reference.
1
Fertilizer pond water quality
Ponds should be equipped with shade-avoiding facilities, such as scaffolding, beneficial floating plants, etc., to reduce the direct sunlight, reduce the temperature of the pond water, and let the crayfish have a hiding place. In the hot season, some sediment improvers are splashed to ensure that ponds such as ammonia, nitrite, and hydrogen sulfide rise in ponds, allowing crawfish to have a comfortable living environment. Tangkou with oxygen enrichment equipment should be opened in time according to the status of the water body to increase the dissolved oxygen in the water body. Raise the water level in the pond to a depth of 1.8 meters and a shallow water level of 1.5 meters. Adhere to daily oxygenation for several hours in the early morning and at noon. For intensive fish ponds and high-density, high-yield aquaculture ponds, they must be turned on 24 hours if necessary. The condition allows the purchase of a rapid water quality analyzer and the changes in the pH, dissolved oxygen, and ammonia nitrogen of the pool water are monitored at any time.
Every 10 days, up to 15 days, replace the water in the pond with 2/3 to ensure that the water in the pond is not deteriorated, and often there is fresh water supply. Generally, the amount of water exchanged per day is 8% to 10% of the water in the pool. When the water is changed, it must be carried out a small number of times, and during the high temperature period, the water level should be maintained at more than 1.5 meters. Diluted with lime regularly Quanchiposa, about 25 kg per acre. Disinfecting with quicklime clear pond can not only play a role in disinfection and sterilize water, but also increase the calcium in the pond, which is beneficial to the growth of lobster.
Breeding crayfish, moss is the most troublesome problem. Moss is mostly caused by poor application of basic fertilizers in the paddy fields and clear water. 6 to 8 mu can be used with six antibiotics, 1 paste of algae paste, 1 pack of special fertilizer (or shelled fertilizer), and 1 pack of calcium. Apply enough base fertilizer to cultivate algae, reduce transparency, and effectively prevent and control moss. If you encounter the "cotton moss" at the end of the full pond, you must first manually clean it up and then treat it as described above. If there is a small amount of moss in the bottom of the pool, it can be used in the moss area. Then, according to the method described above, fertilize the algae, pay attention to changes in the color of the water, apply topdressing in a timely manner, and prevent the water from falling out of the moss.
Do not use drugs with high toxicity and long residue time to kill moss. First, drug residue is difficult to eliminate, is not conducive to fertilizer and water algae, moss is easy to resurrect; the second is to make teratogenic disfigurement; third is to damage the liver and stomach to death; fourth is to affect the turbulent shell disease; five is to affect the recovery rate , greatly reducing the output.
2
Strengthening grass management
The management of aquatic plants should be strengthened. Elevated floating Elodea must be removed in a timely manner. At the same time, floating weeds should be removed from the ponds to ensure the cleanliness of the ponds. Ponds that do not have aquatic grass should collect water peanuts and duckweed in time. Water peanuts must be fixed with arundinacea. The area covered by aquatic weeds generally accounts for about 1/3 to 1/2 of the ponds; and aquatic weeds must not be too single, and at least two or more are good, and should be properly matched. This will not only significantly improve the quality of crayfish, and the average yield can increase by more than 20%.
Water plants are prone to gobbled up during high temperature seasons. At this time, they are feeding peaks. The organic matter at the bottom of ponds increases, and they are prone to anaerobic decay. They produce a large number of toxic and harmful substances, which can cause rot of the root stems, leaves and grass roots. It is recommended that every 10-15 days. Root grass strong bag 5 to 6 acres Quanchiposa, so that water plants firmly rooting in the pond, not easy to stem floating, at the same time every 5 to 10 days with "six healthy bottom control + grain God", or with Le Disha Into the bottom of the pool, the focus is sprinkled on the roots of aquatic plants, which can both rot the roots and pour grass, but also control the pests and bacteria that harm the crayfish.
The stocking ponds require a variety of grasses and species of grasses in the early period of the cultivation, and they should be required to manage the grass in the medium term. If the water is too thick and affect the photosynthesis of the plants, the water should be transferred in time to increase the transparency of the water body. Routine conservation of aquatic plants, should be regularly 3 to 4 acres with six controlled bottom health, grain 500 grams of God to protect the bottom, according to 6 to 8 acres with health grass Luohu Po 1 barrel + root grass strong 1 package to increase the need for aquatic growth Trace elements.
3
Science feeding food
Crayfish seedlings can be launched in early July. Good shrimp seedlings must be purchased in Tangkou, where there is no disease. 80 to 100 pounds per mu are appropriate. The body color is greener and better, and the specifications are to be uniform. The specification is 80 to 100 heads per catty. The best, you can also choose more than a few ponds into the seedlings, preferably in a short period of time to the seedlings Qi. 2 hours before the seedlings are placed, they must first resist stress, use stress Ning + Chao C (1+1 with 3 mu), and then put seedlings along the side slope of the pond so that the seedlings can climb into the water on their own, and timely , residual seedlings, dead seedlings. After the seedlings were planted, the feed was started the next day. The proportion of feeds began to be fed at 3% of the weight of the seedlings. Normally, it was necessary to pay attention to oral administration, to promote liver growth, active garlic, ion-paired calcium, enzymatic hydrolysis of polysaccharides, and gold. Three kinds of blended ingredients are selected in the multidimensional oral products to achieve the effects of protecting the liver and stomach, promoting crusts, hard shells, strong immunity, anti-stress, and disease control, and can also be reasonably added or subtracted according to the growth of shrimps and grass clippings. Feeding amount.
In the hot season, it is not possible to feed animal feeds in general, especially animal feeds. In the morning when the dissolved oxygen is sufficient, animal feed can be fed, and some pellet feed can be added in the evening. It is better to eat 80% full. Pay attention to the amount of feed each day. Observe whether the fed food is eaten every day. If there is any remaining food, it should be removed in time. Otherwise, the water quality will be damaged and bacteria will be produced, causing the crayfish to become ill. Spirulina is not only a natural bait of crayfish, but also absorbs nutrients from the bottom of the pond, cleans the pond, and improves the quality of the muddy water. Each mu can be used with 200-300 kg of snails. Calcium plays a crucial role in the growth of crayfish. The total hardness of the water body should be added in time during crayfish clam crust peaks. Nano-Oxygen + Super-Calcium (1+1 with 4 mu) can be used to uniformly spread the particles in the pond. The energy and nutrients needed to supplement the shells and hard shells. If there is muddy water, use six anti-algae algae paste + lactic acid treasure (1 +1 with 4 acres) whole pond sprinkling.
4
Strengthen disease prevention and control
Crayfish have exceeded the growth temperature in the hot season, should do a good job of anti-stress management, should Quanchiposa vitamin C, splashing should be carried out in the afternoon, with a depth of 1 meter per mu with 250 to 300 grams.
The first is to prevent rotting shell disease. Diseased shells and double chelates on the diseased shrimp showed obvious fester spots, which were grayish-white in color and dark brown when severely festered. The midpoints of the spots were subsiding. The disease is caused by the infection of shrimps with Pseudomonas, Aeromonas, Myxobacteria, and solitary bacteria. Can be regularly used to dissolve the whole pool after the quicklime, appropriately increase the amount of water, improve the breeding water quality, add 1% calcium dihydrogen phosphate in feed, and feed 3 to 5 days.
The second is to prevent brown spot. The surface of the diseased shrimp has a spotted, dark brown ulcer on its surface and is often in a state of sudden death on the edge of the pool. The disease is caused by the infection of shrimp body and pathogenic bacteria caused by environmental deterioration. The ponds can be dredged each year to maintain good water quality in the shrimp ponds. Regular water change or splashing of lime in the whole pool is required. Careful operation during fishing, transportation and stocking to prevent damage to shrimp shells. When shrimp was found to be ill, 0.3 g of dibromohydantoin was splashed into the water per cubic meter of water. After 3 days, 1 g of nitrifying bacteria per cubic meter of water was sprayed on the whole pool; 10 to 15 mg of tea juice was used per kilogram of pond shrimp. Spill, promote shrimp shell crush, repair damaged shell.
The third is bacterial enteritis. Should strengthen the feeding and management, so that the pool water is weakly alkaline, dissolved oxygen is sufficient, strictly implement the "four elimination and four set" measures, deepen the pool of water to make the water temperature changes less. Each mu of water surface with quicklime 5 ~ 6 kg of water Quanchiposa or 0.5 g per cubic meter of water Quanchiposa, treatment effect is remarkable.
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