What big news will there be in the health field in 2015?

“Behind headlines” is the health news commentary section of the UK National Health Service (NHS) website. At the beginning of 2015, this section forecasts important health news that may appear in 2015.

1. Ebola vaccine succeeded

Several research groups are working on a variety of potential Ebola vaccines, and the initial results from clinical trials are exciting. It seems that a vaccine developed by GlaxoSmithKline seems to be effective, and it needs further research to verify safety (related reading: Ebola vaccine successfully passed Phase I clinical trial). If all goes well, Ebola vaccination for high-risk groups (such as health care workers) may be carried out in 2015.

2. The first British "three parental in vitro fertilization" baby was born

The three-person IVF described here can be used to address fertility problems in patients with mitochondrial diseases. The vast majority of human genetic material is present in the nucleus, which contains 23 chromosomes from the mother and 23 chromosomes from the father. However, there is still a small part of the gene present in the mitochondria, the organelle responsible for energy metabolism in human cells.

Unlike DNA in the nucleus, mitochondrial DNA is only passed from the mother to the child. Mitochondrial diseases are rare, and this type of disease is caused by mutations in mitochondrial DNA. When a mother carries a disease-causing mitochondrial gene mutation, it is passed directly to the next generation, and the father does not affect the process.

The "three-parent" technique can replace defective mitochondria in maternal egg cells with mitochondria in healthy donor egg cells, thereby creating a healthy fertilized egg to prevent mitochondrial disease. Children born from such fertilized eggs will carry the genes of three people - the main genetic material still comes from their biological father and mother, and about 1% of the mitochondrial genes come from donors.

The implementation process of “three parents” assisted reproductive technology. Image from: holyhormones.com

A recent review concluded that this series of assisted reproductive technologies appears to be safe and reliable. The British government will submit the relevant regulations of the technology to the Parliament, and it is expected that the use of the "three-parent" technology will be approved in 2015. After that, the first "three-parent" baby in the UK may also be born in 2015.

3. Smart watches enhance public health

Now, Apple has begun to promote their smart watch product Apple Watch, a smaller, wearable version of the smart device, will be released in 2015. Similar equipment from other brands has also been sold in the market.

This smart device will have a built-in set of applications for monitoring wearer health data and helping to promote a healthier lifestyle. These include thermal recorders, pedometers, alcohol monitors, and blood pressure monitoring. These applications have been around before, but such smart watch devices can integrate them together, become more useful, intuitive, or at least sell better.

Therefore, early adopters of smart watches may participate in a series of healthy exercise programs encouraged by this device to improve their health. Of course, if people are bothered by the endless hints of smart watches, this new thing may eventually have to spend the rest of their lives in the drawer.

4. Male contraceptives preliminary market

In the past few decades, we have always seen the news that “the male contraceptive is coming”, but its R&D path seems to be particularly difficult compared to the female contraceptive (related reading: dystocia male birth control) era). This thing will eventually be developed, so, will 2015 be the first time it debuts?

At present, there are two main research directions for male contraceptives: one is hormonal contraception, using hormone drugs to temporarily prevent sperm production; the other is non-hormone, using other techniques to prevent healthy sperm from entering women. Vagina.

This field is known as the “Holy Grail” in the field of contraceptive research, and many related studies are underway. We believe that 2015 may be the year in which pharmaceutical companies begin to test the market for male contraceptives.

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