Black rot is a bacterial disease and one of the major diseases of cauliflower. In recent years, the disease has been increasing year by year, which has seriously affected the yield and quality of cauliflower. In order to ensure the growth of cauliflower, prevention and control work should be done in a timely manner.
First, the symptoms
During the seedling stage, the cotyledons became immersed and gradually browned, withered and spread to the true leaves. The veins showed small strips of varying lengths; the onset was heavy during the ripening period, and the main damage was cauliflower leaves, which spread inward from the leaf margins. "V"-shaped yellow-brown lesions with blackened posterior veins, black rot on leaf margins, yellow halos on the edges, and spread to stems and roots, causing vascular bundles on stems and roots to turn black, and flower balls appearing gray and black. Corruption, severe plant death.
Second, comprehensive prevention and control technology
1. Seed disinfection. The disease-free seeds were selected and soaked for 15 minutes with 200-fold solution of 50% Daisen ammonium hydroxide solution, washed and dried and sowed.
2. Seed bed disinfection. For each square meter of nursery bed, mix 40% of Formamide WP with 8-10 grams of WP and appropriate amount of dry fine soil, sprinkle 1/3 on the surface, and 2/3 of the seeds.
3. The rotation is changed. Severe disease fields can be used for 2-3 year rotations with non-cruciferous crops to reduce field sources. Before planting, deepen the sun for 10-20 days to kill the bacteria in the soil.
4. Fertilizer management. For seedling colonization and easing seedlings, the seedlings should be applied enough. During the growth of the plants, top dressings should be applied 2-3 times to prevent premature aging of plants and enhance their resistance to disease. Avoid flooding to reduce the spread of germs. Timely tillage weeding.
5. Control pests. In addition to causing direct damage, pests also cause wounds and are conducive to the invasion of pathogens, such as Plutella xylostella, Pieris rapae, Beet armyworm, aphids, leafhoppers, and mantle.
6. Clean the pastoral. After harvesting cauliflower, the stubble roots and leaves were promptly removed and taken out of the field and buried or burned. Turn the soil deeper and set up the field to reduce the bacteria source.
7. Chemical control. After the occurrence of black rot disease in the field, the disease should be controlled in time, and 14% ammonia solution can be used, 77% can be used to kill WP, 50% DAS, 72% streptomycin sulfate soluble powder, etc. Spray, spray once every 7-10 days, continuous control 2-3 times, serious disease field can increase the frequency of application according to the condition.
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