In recent years, farmers in Sizhuang Township, Wangdu County, planted mulching dwarf beans in the spring and achieved good results with an output value of over 2,000 yuan per mu. The mulch dwarf bean marketed early, has a bright green color, and has a good taste, and is popular with consumers. The cultivation points are as follows:
First, choose a good variety
Cultivated varieties should be selected for early maturity, high yield, harvesting period, strong cold resistance, strong regeneration ability. Such as the U.S. supplier, French beans, etc.
Second, the soil fertigation
The fertile soil was selected and there were no sandy soil lands where the bean was planted within 3 years. Half a month before sowing, deep-turning, applying 2000 kg of fully-fertilized organic fertilizer, 20 kg of superphosphate, 15 kg of ammonium sulfate, 15 kg of potassium chloride per mu, fine soil preparation, mixing of soil and fertilizer, and smoothing of soil preparation. 12 to 13 cm high and 90 cm wide.
Third, seed treatment and sowing
1. Seed treatment. Seeds were selected, air-dried 1 to 2 days, seeded with rhizobia, or soaked with 0.5% copper sulfate for 10 minutes to promote Rhizobium growth and development.
2. Seeding method. Using live broadcasting, sowing 3 lines per plant, plant spacing 20 cm 30 cm. 4 to 5 seeds per hole, sowing depth of 3 to 4 cm. The depth of cover is the same, the surface is leveled, a shallow ditch is drawn between the two lines, and the film is laid after sowing. Both sides of the membrane and both ends are pressed with soil. If the membrane is damaged, seal it with soil to prevent ventilation, warming and protecting the seedlings.
3. Sowing time. Must be sown when the temperature of 10cm is stable above 10°C.
Fourth, membrane ruptured seedlings, Dingmiao Dingmiao
After the emergence of bean seedlings must be timely broken film to prevent high temperature hot seedlings. The method is: using a knife to follow the direction of the seedlings slightly, the film will be cut open 3 to 5 cm long cracks, exposed beans, not too large, do not hurt the cotyledons. After the release of the seedlings, the soil is used to seal the membrane mouth, and the time goes to weak seedlings, disease and insect seedlings, and in case of lack of seedlings, timely replanting shall be carried out.
V. Strengthen water and fertilizer management to prevent premature aging
After the seedlings are set, they can be poured with small water and flushed with water. In the first inflorescence flowering period is generally not watering, when the pods begin to hypertrophy, it is timely to supply enough fertilizer. After each harvest, timely application of ammonium bicarbonate or large manure can be applied at a depth of 7 cm from the plant. Late growth, to prevent premature aging, but also to add fertilizer, can be sprayed with 0.2% ~ 0.3% urea and potassium dihydrogen phosphate.
Six, timely harvest
Dwarf beans are very susceptible to ageing, usually about 10 cm long. Harvested at this time, the soybean meal is tender and has a good taste, and it can prevent falling. If it is harvested late, the cellulose will increase, the quality will decline, and the commercial nature will be poor, which will affect the economic benefits.
Seven, pruning regeneration, increase production
After harvesting, the roots of the dwarf bean were intact and there was no aging. At this time, use scissors to leave 4 to 5 centimeters from the stem and cut off the above part. After pruning, we must strengthen management, promote early-onset new leaves, pour water on sunny days, and apply diammonium phosphate with water, 10 kg per mu. After the occurrence of new leaves, 0.2% potassium dihydrogen phosphate was sprayed twice. The yield after pruning is similar to that of the first crop, resulting in a significant increase in total production. If the root system grows well and the market conditions are good, it can be pruned for the second time, but it is necessary to pay attention to strengthening the management and make it grow well.
VIII. Pest Control
Dwarf bean pests and diseases in early spring occur lighter, but occasionally occur, mainly with blight, anthrax, rust, gray mold and so on. Fusarium wilt is treated with 50% carbendazim wettable powder 500 times spray; anthrax is sprayed with 80% anthraquinone omeprazole wettable powder 800 times spray; 70% mancozeb rust for rust is 1000 times liquid plus 15% Triadimefon WP 2000 times spray control; Gray mold with 50% acetaminophen wettable powder 1000 times plus 90% phosporium aluminum wettable powder 800 times spray control.
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