The main diseases of cotton seedlings include blight, anthracnose, red rot, damping-off, black spot, stem blight, etc., and comprehensive measures should be taken to prevent and control them.
â—Improved soil
Through the increase of organic fertilizer, promotion of straw return, intensive cultivation and other measures to increase soil fertility, improve the soil, can effectively control seedling disease. Practice has shown that the return of cotton straw to the field can also increase the content of organic matter and potassium in the cotton field, and inhibit and reduce the occurrence of seedling disease.
â—Use of good varieties
Selection of resistant varieties and simultaneous coating with 25 g/L cloxionilone seed coating can prevent seedling disease.
â— Rationalization
Before sowing, 48% trifluralin EC is used for 60-72 ml per mu (50 ml/mu for mulching film covering cotton fields), and soil is mixed after application. The use of trifluralin in successive years should replace other herbicides to prevent injury and increase disease at the seedling stage. Use 90% acetochlor EC, control the amount of 50-60 ml per acre, before seeding after sowing, plastic film covering cotton fields should not be applied. Before planting or after sowing, 33% penicillin EC is used for every mu. It is 66 to 100 ml. This medicine has poor control effect on broadleaf grass, and the broad-leaved grasses should be mixed with other drugs. The amount of 72% metolachlor EC per acre is 100 ml. It is applied before seedling after sowing, and the soil is required to be lightly mixed when the soil is dry.
â— Appropriate late broadcast
Ground temperature is stable when planted above 14°C. This year's climate is unusual and the temperature is low. It should be sown 5 to 10 days longer than usual. Appropriate late sowing can reduce the incidence of seedling disease, but also to prevent premature aging and bad bell.
â— Strengthen field management
Before and after the emergence, strengthen field management with emphasis on cultivating loose soil, warming and protecting crops to reduce the harm of seedling diseases, and pay attention to ploughing after the rain. The plastic film covers the cotton in a timely manner and puts pressure on the soil and plugs holes to prevent the wind from lifting the membrane. Severely diseased early-stage seedlings (1 leaf, 1 heart stage) were seeded late (after 3 leaf periods) to ensure seedlings were fully grown and seedlings were strong.
â—Pharmaceutical control
There are two peaks during the seedling stage of cotton seedlings, that is, one leaf stage and three leaf stage of cotton seedlings. They should be prevented in time. Usually, 85% trichloroisocyanuric acid WP can be sprayed with water per acre. At the beginning of the disease, 50% carbendazim WP, 70% mancozeb water dispersible granules, and 70% thiophanate-methyl WP can be sprayed at 500-800 times. Early occurrence of Fusarium wilt can be sprayed with fulvic acid and other fulvic acid foliar fertilizers to enhance the disease resistance of plants. With 1 billion live spores / g Bacillus subtilis WP 500 times Irrigation, the seedling stage disease has a better control effect.
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