Dwarf disease is a viral disease on corn. After the onset of disease, it often causes dwarfing of plants, which prevents earing and severely affects corn yield. In recent years, a large amount of Syrphidae and a high rate of poisoning have led to the recurrence of corn rough dwarf disease. This year, the severity of corn rough dwarf disease in our province will occur, and the degree of occurrence will reach level 4. The occurrence of rough dwarfing of semi-summer corn, such as Garlic Clam, and rapeseed pod in coastal areas, along Huaihe and Huaibei regions, will occur to an extent of 5 grades. 200 million mu.
According to Yang Rongming, a researcher at the provincial plant protection station, corn rough dwarf disease has been occurring in recent years. Among the corn pests and diseases that occurred in our province last year, the most serious one was the dwarfing disease. According to the investigation of the Plant Protection Station, the occurrence of corn rough dwarf disease in our province last year occurred with an area of ​​2.005 million mu, of which 4.3 million mu were covered by more than 30% of the diseased plants. Drosophila virus is not transmitted through seeds, soil, or contact and is transmitted only by Laodelphax striatellus. The occurrence and transmission rate of Laodelphax striatellus infestation and its rate of infection, as well as the disease-affected period of maize and the generation before and after wheat harvest. The degree of anastomosis of adult worms during the period of transmission and transmission of larvae has a lot to do with large insects and high incidence of virus infection. Maize seedlings are highly likely to have a high incidence of disease in the transfer and transmission period of S. macrophylla adults. In recent years, the occurrence of Sphaerocephalus in our province is large, the amount of pre-winter insects is high, and the peak period of adults after the winter is long. In addition, the incidence is widespread and the field bacteria source is sufficient, which provides conditions for the occurrence of corn rough dwarf disease.
The virus-mediated mediators, Laodelphax striatellus, mainly live in winter wheat fields and reproduce one generation in wheat fields. By the end of May and early June, a large number of adults were formed before and after wheat harvest, and they migrated into corn fields, rice fields, and feeding and spawning. Due to the fact that there are many corn crops and suitable sowing dates for corn production, the top crop is a lot of corn crops such as rapeseed and garlic, and the area of ​​corn planted from late April to late May is large, and a large number of Sphaeropsis lapidae move into corn fields. Maize seedlings are in a susceptible stage of disease during the period of damage (generally after the emergence of corn to 10 leaves visible before the onset of infection, 10 leaves visible after the corn even if the incidence of infected virus is lighter), resulting in these fields Recurrence of rough corn disease.
At present, there are no corn varieties with high resistance to rough dwarf diseases. However, there are differences in disease resistance among different varieties. Maize varieties such as Zhengdan 958 are less resistant to rough dwarf diseases and have a relatively higher incidence in the field; Su Yu 20, Su Yu 18, Deng Hai 11, Su Yuxi No. 5, and Su Kehuan 2008 are also More infections; Su Yu 19, Su Yu No. 10, Hua Dan No. 1 and Nongda 108, etc. are relatively lighter to the degree of disease, which helps to reduce the incidence of field rough dwindling disease, but in the prevention of corn rough d It is still necessary to adjust the sowing period in combination to jointly exert control.
The maize varieties cultivated in large areas in our province have poor resistance to rough dwarf diseases. Among them, corn varieties with high sense of rough dwarf diseases have a high proportion of cultivation. Yang Rongming reminded that in the absence of high resistance to corn rough dwarf disease, adjusting the sowing date of corn is the most economical and effective measure for preventing and treating rough dwarf disease. The end of May to early June is a time when a large number of migratory locusts have moved into the corn fields. With cornices allowed, corn can be sown as early as April 15 and summer corn can be sown until June 15th, making corn easy to grow. The infectious period avoids the age of adults of the planthopper and reduces the incidence. The corn field that can't adjust the sowing time can't adjust the sowing date. It should be controlled from the end of May to the beginning of June in the generation of the adult of Laodelphax striatellus, and the pesticide should be taken once every 3-5 days to catch the peak of insects. Insecticides such as anthrone, rice powder, and isoprocarb.
In addition, through fitness training, reasonable fertilizer and water management and other measures to enhance plant resistance, can reduce the loss of disease. The timely removal of diseased plants early in the field can reduce disease re-dissemination.
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