Cherry Orchard Soil Management Technology:
After the autumn of the 1st or 2nd year after the planting of the deep-sweeping hole, it is necessary to deepen and deepen the hole to extend the root system; the deep-sweeping and expanding hole can be performed all year round, but the best time is the annual fall (from September to October). Therefore, when the temperature and soil temperature are high, the roots are easily healed, and in the second year, the new roots have the highest coefficient, which can enhance the absorption of nutrients; in combination with expanding the hole, the base fertilizer can be used in autumn, and the garden soil is clay, except for the application of crop straw and livestock manure. Sand should also be added to improve the air permeability of the soil.
Ways to deepen and deepen the hole in the first few years after sapling planting, from the edge of the planting hole, expand outwards every year or every other year, dig a circular groove about 50 cm deep and 60 cm deep, and fill in the soil and manure, and gradually expand. Until the deep-falling ditch is connected between the two trees, the orchard expansion hole should be combined with the autumn base fertilizer, and the manure fertilizer should be mixed with the ditch or soil for improving the soil and then filled into the ditch and then poured into the ditch, and then be irrigated; when the hole is expanded, Do not damage excessively thick roots. When the soil is thin, more livestock manure or crop stalks should be added to increase the organic matter content of the soil. In about 2 to 4 years, the whole park should be expanded.
The cultivating loose soil is usually carried out after irrigation and rain; after each irrigation, the cultivator loosens the soil. On the one hand, water can be stored to prevent soil compaction, and on the other hand, weeds can be eliminated; the number of rains increases after entering the rainy season. The grass grows faster, and it should be done several times more properly with a depth of about 5 cm to prevent damage to the rough roots.
During the intercropping of young trees in the orchard, they can be used as economic crops between the rows. Crops suitable for intercropping should be short and short, have a short growth period, and should absorb less water and nutrients. They need a lot of time for water and fruit to stagger, shallow roots, and fewer pests and diseases. Cherry does not have the same pests or diseases, or it cannot be the middle host of the major pests and diseases of cherries; beans, melons, medicinal plants, and green manures are all good, and wheat, corn, sweet potatoes, etc. should not be intercropped; The intercropping time depends on the planting density and the growth of the tree, and it does not affect the growth of the tree. It is generally 1 to 2 years.
The turning of the soil should be carried out after the autumn basal fertility or in combination with the autumn basal fertilization; the turning is done with a depth of about 15 centimeters, and the trunk should be planed to be slightly shallow so as not to damage the large roots; and the flat ground can be used to make the inner surface of the tree crown. Slightly high to prevent the rainy season from accumulating.
When the orchard grows grass and does not cover or intercropping with cash crops, the orchard can grow grass, save labor and time, increase soil organic matter content, prevent water and soil loss, regulate ground temperature, and reduce frost damage and sunburn; Shallow-rooted, low-dry grasses, leguminous or green manures such as clover and alfalfa are best; in the growing season of grass every year, attention should be paid to the addition of chemical fertilizers to prevent grasses from competing with big cherry trees; in summer, grass grows to 20-30. When the centimeter is high, mowing the grass timely and eradicating the high stalk grass between the rows.
Maintenance of terraces For Cherry Blossoms on hilly terraces, the maintenance of a terraced field is usually performed every year in conjunction with the autumn and winter planer or it can be carried out in the rainy season; the mantle is to be repaired and the soil is reinforced; the bamboo trenches, silt pits and reservoirs are cleaned. Sludge, broken grass, rotten leaves, etc., and turn these sediments to the ground.
Covering the film must use different types of plastic film according to different purposes; if the colorless and transparent film is the best for maintaining soil moisture and increasing temperature, the black plastic film has good effect of heat preservation, heat preservation and weed control, and the silver reflective film has heat insulation and strong Reflect the role of sunlight; to be covered before the fruit is about to be colored, in order to increase the internal light intensity of the crown, improve the quality of the fruit.
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