The natural bolls of bolls are white, and the bolls are bolled. In the cotton field, the first boll of the first fruit branch in the lower part of the cotton field boils through the boll opening stage. The boll opening period refers to a period of time from the end of boll opening to the end of flower collection. Generally, it begins in late August or early September, and ends in mid-November and lasts for 70-80 days.
Cotton enters the boll opening stage, indicating that the vegetative growth is about to stop, and gradually enters the period of complete reproductive fertility. The leaf color gradually turns yellow from the bottom up, the photosynthetic capacity decreases, and the root absorption capacity weakens. During this period, it was required to have a sunny weather, plenty of sunshine, low air humidity, and a temperature above 20°C, which was favorable for cotton development and boll opening. Before this year's cotton boll opening, most of the cotton fields in the south or the north have more rain. Due to the excessive humidity, some cotton fields appear lodging and rotten bells, while a small part of the cotton fields are still under drought. In addition, some cotton fields, especially in the south, have become late-maturing because of sowing, late transplanting, and excessive nitrogen fertilizer. The following cotton field management proposals are recommended as follows:
First, grab the rotten bell This year, the rotten bell is generally lighter than last year, but it is partially heavier. In order to reduce the loss, the cotton bolls with dark spots appearing on the lower part of the body are soaked in 1% ethephon solution and then dried to obtain good cotton.
Second, strengthen post-disaster management of cotton fields. Continue to do a good job of flood prevention and drought prevention. The northern rainy season is over, but there may still be heavy rain. We will continue to do a good job of preparing for flood prevention while helping the affected cotton fields to do a good job of supporting and draining water. Local areas with severe drought should be watered in time to promote the role of water to promote fertilizer, extend the functional period of leaves, enhance the accumulation of photosynthetic products, is conducive to increase autumn peaches, increase the weight of the bell.
Third, pruning late pruning can improve the ventilation and light conditions of cotton fields, reduce nutrient consumption, beneficial to increase peaches, increase weight, promote early maturing, prevent rotten bell. The flowers that were generally opened in early September in the north are ineffective and should be removed promptly. The south is after September 20. Seeding and transplanting can be postponed as soon as possible. For the late growing season, the closed cotton field, but also to play the old leaves, cut the empty branches, push the plant and ridge, prevent rotten bell.
4. Insect pests and disease prevention cottons have more bursts of pests after entering the boll opening stage. There are mainly four generations of cotton bollworms, which mainly affect summer cotton and late-maturing cotton. The harm of blind stink bugs continues until early October; bridge-building and sugar beet Noctuid moths are emergent pests. The endangered period is from late August to early September. The above pests should be checked in time to seize the hatching period for prevention and control. Before the third instar, the main pesticides are blind locusts and locusts. Benzene, Methionine, Malathion, Acephate, Phoxim, etc.; In addition, Whitefly, Starscream, Thrips, Qiu, etc. should be promptly controlled. Disease is mainly caused by the bell blight and other rotten bells, effective agent is mancozeb.
Fifth, according to local conditions to take appropriate ripening method For a variety of reasons, each part of the late cotton bolls can not be normally mature, especially in summer sowing cotton, late cotton, cotton and saline cotton and other late-maturing cotton field green bell Qing Ling even more Many, not only affect the production, but also reduce the quality, so the use of appropriate ripening measures can speed up the development of boll boll early, increase the output of frost before flowering. There are 3 kinds of ripening methods: 1 Ethephon ripening, suitable for general cotton field and high yield cotton field with more late Qingling, suitable time for use, the north is generally in early October, with 40% of water solvent, 150 ~ per acre 200 ml, 50-60 kg of water, spray. 2 grams without trace ripening, suitable for late but late ripening and intercropping, interplanting (planting) cotton fields, so as to urge the leaves early, which is conducive to ventilation. The ripening time is generally about 10 days before the dry frost, or the upper part of the blue bell reaches 40 days or more. The mu will be traced to 50 ml, the water will be 30-40 kg, and the spray will be sprayed up and down, about 7 days. Can be light, 7 to 8 days up to the peak of boll opening, when fighting drugs, pay attention to protect the eyes, to prevent the liquid spray into the eye. 3 Pull dry ripening, suitable for cotton, wheat, rape (rapid rape) two cooked back to the live (planted) cotton field. The key is to have a good grasp of time and time, and the time is well mastered. It will not only affect the production of cotton, but will also be able to unload it early. Drying time should be controlled when the average temperature drops to 15°C. It is advisable to dry the wheat and two ripening areas in Hebei around October 15.
Six, timely harvest cotton picking bell after about 7 days, the best fiber quality, so the best time to pick a 7 to 10 days, premature fiber is not mature, water, bad flowers, affect the grade, too late cotton Being exposed to wind and rain, it is not only easy to be contaminated, but also the fibers are easily oxidized and become brittle, thicker and less strong. Grabbing "laughing cotton" not only affects the grade, but also results in a reduction in production. During harvesting and drying, care should be taken to prevent the "triple filaments" from mixing in to prevent degradation.
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