Chives are mainly edible leaves. They are an indispensable seasoning when cooking, making fish and soup, and they are also the main varieties of dehydrated vegetables. It has a strong ability to deliver, a short growing period, a high multiple cropping index, strong adaptability, and easy cultivation. Scallions are native to Germany and belong to the 2-year-old or perennial perennial lily plants. Introduced into China in 1996, the products are mainly exported to Southeast Asia and some western countries. It is a special vegetable variety with very high economic benefits and has a broad development prospect. Slightly chives pollution-free cultivation should pay attention to the following several technical links:
1. Environmental requirements: Scallions are hardy and heat-resistant and can be planted in all seasons. The optimum growth temperature is 18°C-23°C, the root distribution is shallow, the water requirement is small, drought is not tolerated, and it is suitable for planting in sandy soil. The light intensity requirements are medium, and aging is easy under strong light conditions and the quality deteriorates. Water, soil, and air quality should meet the requirements of pollution-free production areas.
2. Mouthwash arrangement: (1) Spring Moss: Transplanted in January, harvested from March to mid-April, and to cover the morning market, it can be covered by plastic film.
(2) Xia Xia: Transplanting from late April to early June, harvesting from May to the end of July. This can be used shade net cultivation or interplanting in the rows of high stalk crops, to supply "summer" market.
(3) Qiuyu: Transplanting from August to late September, and listing from late September to November. Autumn onion transplanting temperature is high, can be scattered in the rows of rice straw to cool, moisturizing.
(4) Winter pods: Transplanted from October to November, harvested from January to February. In winter, the temperature is low, and the onions grow slowly. The “Chang Yan†method is used in production to supply the New Year’s Day and Spring Festival markets.
3, species selection: choose white flowers or purple, Xin aroma rich varieties. The main varieties are: Four Seasons Rice Onion, Sichuan Scallions, Lu Ong 1, Chongzhou Point Allium and long-grown small shallots everywhere. The amount of mu is 1.2-1.5 kg. Suitable sowing dates are from March to May and from September to October. Before sowing, soak in seeds in warm water of 55°C for 20 minutes, rinse with water, and soak after drying. Choose high-desert, high-quality land, make a 1.2-meter-wide sorghum seedbed, and apply organic fertilizer as base fertilizer. Before seeding, the seedbed should be poured into bottom water. Seed 4-5 grams per square meter seedling bed, and then cover 0.5 cm of fine soil, water after suppression. At the same time, cover the shade net or lay straw and other moisture. Keep the soil moist after sowing and before leaving the leaves.
4. Fertilization for soil preparation: Transplanting field should be used for flat, loose, fertile, drainage and water-conserving fields. It is best to rotate with soybeans, corn and other vegetables, and it is not appropriate to rotate onions and garlic. Spread 2000 tons of high-quality organic fertilizer per acre, 50-70 kg of compound fertilizer, fine soil preparation, 1.5 meters wide sorghum, winter can cover the film to increase the ground temperature, so you can harvest more.
5, colonization: before planting seedlings to be screened, remove diseased, disability, weak strains. After screening, cut the root of the fibrous root, leaving 2-3 cm to promote the development of new roots. Planting 4-6 plants per row with 20 cm spacing and 10 cm plant spacing. Spring shallots and autumn shallots shall be suitable for sparse planting. The planting shall be shallow, about 3 cm to 5 cm, and the planting water shall be poured in time after planting.
6, field management: chives root distribution is shallow, weak absorption, intolerance of concentrated fertilizer, intolerance to drought and flood, water must be poured, and pay attention to the timely removal of water after the rain. After planting the seedlings, the combination of water topdressing 5 kg urea or ammonium bicarbonate 15 kg, generally 10 days - 14 days topdressing 1, 15 days before harvest is no longer topdressing. Foliar fertilizer can also be used to promote the onion plants green.
7, harvest: small green onions from the return to the first knife takes about 40 days (when the plant height 30 ~ 50 cm), the second knife about 30 days, the third knife takes about 25 days. Harvesting small shallots should be done in the early morning or evening on a sunny day. The onion knife edge should be 2 to 3 cm away from the surface and the knife edge should be neat and consistent. After each harvest, the earthworms should be scorched with lump and the onion wounds healed after 3 days. The new leaves are about to be poured out. water. Avoid harvesting during the summer solstice to the summer to prevent death.
8. Pest control: Insect pests are mainly controlled by green onions, leafminers, and thrips. Diseases are mainly used to control epidemics, downy mildew, and gray mold. Prevention and control of pests and diseases should be based on the principle of prevention and comprehensive management, use of agricultural and biological control measures, scientific use of chemical pesticides, coordination of the control technology, and play a comprehensive benefit. In addition, increase the organic fertilizer, timely watering fertilizer. Apply more phosphorus and potassium fertilizer, less nitrogen fertilizer, raise your mouth.
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