Every step in the cultivation of strawberries must be careful, from the soil disinfection before planting, seedling selection, water and fertilizer management, pest control, etc., each step can not be ignored. You have paid attention to the details, and you must also stand firm on these major issues. If you want to grow high-quality, high-yielding strawberries, be sure to stay away from these 10 minefields.
1, Do not unilaterally pursue large fruit varieties
Big fruit-type strawberries have become the goal pursued by many farmers. However, the size of the fruit of the same variety has a certain range of changes. The fruit of the first-level inflorescence is relatively large, the higher the grade, the smaller the fruit, and the size of the fruit is not the quality of the review. The only sign, but also from the pulp hardness, soluble solids and vitamin C content, sugar and acid ratio, resistance to storage and transportation, fruit flavour, fruit surface uniformity and other factors.
2, Do not use seed to raise seedlings
The seedlings that are cultivated with seeds are called seedlings. The seedlings are easy to mutate and their traits are unstable. They often lose the excellent characteristics of the original varieties, and they are of poor quality and low yield. Therefore, this method is not suitable for seedling production.
3, not a single species
In the same region, if the strawberry species is single, if infectious diseases, especially viral diseases, cause significant losses. Therefore, it is not appropriate to grow only one variety in production. According to local climate and environmental conditions, cultivation forms (exposed areas, protected areas), and resistance to pests and diseases and resistance to adverse conditions, etc., it is generally considered that one or two of the main cultivars should be selected, and two or three of them be collocations. The planting area of ​​the main cultivars should account for more than 70%.
4, do not plant the density is too large or too small
The planting density is too large, the leaf area coefficient is high, the middle and lower part of the plant is in a shaded state, easy to form a low soil temperature, affecting the root activity and inducing the breeding of diseases and insects. The planting density is too small, the number of individual plants is larger, and the quality is better. However, the number of plants per unit area is not enough and the purpose of high yield cannot be reached.
5, Do not plant strawberry seedlings too deep or too shallow
If the plant is too deep, the seedlings will be buried, which will cause rotten and dead seedlings. If the planting is too shallow, the exposed roots will make the seedlings dry due to water loss. To ensure the success of planting, the key is to grasp the depth and sufficient water, so that it is best not to bury the roots in the depths. The normal depth is at the base of the seedlings flush with the soil surface.
6, do not grow for many years continuous cultivation
In order to save labor, some farmers often do not replace farm plots for many years, resulting in declining growth, decline in yield, deterioration of quality, and breeding of diseases and insects. It is generally advisable to change the land for replanting after two years, but do not plant strawberries in the fields where the former solanaceous plants (tomatoes, eggplants, peppers, etc.) were planted in order to avoid the risk of viruses and yellow dwarfs.
7, do not apply nitrogen fertilizer
Partial application of nitrogen fertilizer will greatly increase the leaf area of ​​the strawberry, causing shade in the field, which will reduce the ventilation and transmittance between the plants, resulting in a decrease in the number of flowers, a smaller fruit, and a large number of induced pests.
8, do not leave too much fruit
The inflorescence of the strawberry is cymulous. It can bloom from the beginning of flowering to the end of fruit collection. Each inflorescence can produce more than 5-30 flowers at a time. If there are too many fruits, they compete for nutrients and no effect is increased. Reduce and affect the output value. Measures should be based on different varieties, each plant only selected to leave the flowering of the first, the growth of a robust 5-10 fruit can be the rest of all removed.
9, do not abuse pesticides and fungicides pesticides
We must adhere to the plant protection policy of "prevention first, comprehensive prevention and control," and we must apply the drugs symptomatically. We must not blindly use drugs to avoid excessive pesticide residues. To strengthen field management, such as the use of clean gardens, manual removal of dead branches, pests and leaves, and diseased fruits, etc., to prevent the occurrence of pests and diseases by focusing on agro-ecological measures; observe the occurrence of pests and diseases in the field, promptly identify areas in which diseases and pests have occurred, and prevent the spread. , eliminate large areas of blind use of pesticides; increase organic fertilizer, rational use of chemical fertilizers, and promote healthy growth of plants.
10. Do not use chemical pesticides prohibited by the state
Such as: 666, DDT, herbicidal ether, methamidophos, methyl parathion, parathion, carbofuran, chlorophos, chlorfenulfuron, omethoate, isocarbophos, methomyl Highly toxic and high residue pesticides.
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