(1) Ditching and draining before planting
7 to 10 days before the harvest of late rice, open the ditch, release the water and dry the field, and hard board. When the rice is harvested, the surface of the rice will be hard but not dry, wet and not bad, and the rice will be cut with the mud, and the soil will be covered with the open ditch. The pad is low, the mud of the ditch is placed on both sides of the coffin, and it is opened when it is fertilized by the cultivator. At the same time, open the waist groove to achieve deep sorghum and facilitate field management.
No-tillage rapeseed fields are not ploughed and have many weeds, so comprehensive measures should be taken to prevent them. The first is a reasonable rotation. The second is to cover the soil and weeding. The third is early weeding and weeding. The fourth is chemical control. In the 3 to 5 days before sowing and planting, it can be used for killing prevention with smear, farmer, etc.; after sowing, use big benefit, butachlor, acetochlor (Wernes), kill Grass weeding, green mellon and other weeding methods are completed within 3 days after sowing; after emergence or transplanting, it is advisable to control weeds before wintering (end of December), using grass cover, Weiba to control grasses Weeds, high Turk control broadleaf weeds.
(3) Seeding and transplanting techniques
1. There are two methods commonly used in seeding methods: one is the strip method, which is to open the width of 1.5 to 2.0 meters after rice harvest, the width of the trench is 20 cm, and the depth is 20-25 cm. According to the line spacing of 30 to 35 cm, a seeding trough having a depth of 2 to 3 cm is opened along the width of the crucible. Then apply the organic base fertilizer in the direction of the trough, and pour a little bit of water according to the sensation. If the sensation is good, it can be poured, and then the seeds are sown and the ash is covered. After emergence, the seedlings are kept at a spacing of 10 to 15 cm. Another method is the hole-seeding method, with a line spacing of 30-35 cm, a hole spacing of 15 cm, a hole of 8000-10000, a hole depth of 3 cm, 5-6 seeds per hole, and 1 to 2 seedlings. .
2. Transplanting technology No-tillage rapeseed is mostly of late type. To obtain high yield, it is necessary to carry out seedling transplanting, and it is necessary to plant it early. There are two methods for transplanting no-till rapeseed: one is iron milling, the method is “one milling one seam, two heads and two seedlings, the middle of the soil, followed by a foot, don’t forget the root waterâ€; another The method is a strip planting method, in which a triangular groove of 13 cm deep groove is opened according to the row spacing, a base fertilizer is applied in the ditch, then rapeseed is planted, and root water is poured.
(4) Reasonable close planting
The no-till live rapeseed was planted later, the vegetative growth period was shorter, and the number of knots per plant was less. Therefore, by increasing the density to ensure the yield, generally under high-fertilizer conditions, 15,000 to 20,000 plants per acre are suitable; under the condition of medium fertilizer, 25,000 seedlings are fixed. For no-till transplanting rapeseed, since the seedlings have been cultivated in the paddy field and there is no delay in the growing season, the transplanting density per acre should be between 10,000 and 12,000. The fertilizer field, dry planting and high fertilization level should be appropriately diluted. Some, while thin seedlings, thin fields, late planting and low levels of fertilization are appropriate.
(5) Scientific fertilization, prevention of premature aging
The effective nutrients in no-till fields are concentrated on the surface layer, and the ability to fertilize in the early stage is strong, and it is prone to defatty premature aging in the later stage. Therefore, we must adhere to the principle of equal emphasis on base fertilizer and topdressing, and the proportion of topdressing should account for 50% to 60%. In the middle and upper fertile fields, 15 kg of pure nitrogen should be applied per mu, and the ratio of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium should be 1:0.5:0.75-0.9. The base fertilizer should use more soil and fertilizer, and the topdressing fertilizer should follow the principle of “early application of seedling fertilizer, heavy application of wax fertilizer, early application of fertilizer, and skillful application of flower fertilizerâ€. It is forbidden to apply chemical nitrogen fertilizer during the flowering period to reduce the occurrence of Sclerotinia. The initial flowering period is sprayed once with potassium dihydrogen phosphate and boron fertilizer to prevent premature aging.
(6) Diligent farming
No-tillage rapeseed fields are not ploughed, the soil is more knotted, and there are many weeds. Therefore, the seedling stage must be ploughed, usually 2 to 3 times, in order to eliminate weeds, loose the soil, and plow the soil to the roots to promote root growth.
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