1. The emergence of seedlings is mainly caused by uneven ground temperature and humidity, uneven bed surface, uneven thickness of cover soil, or bed-plate knots.
Prevention measures: 1 It is recommended to use the geothermal line or fire track to raise seedlings. When laying geothermal lines, the spacing between the greenhouses is 3~4cm, and the distance between the back of the greenhouses is 7~8cm to make the bed temperature uniform; 2 After the sowing, the thickness of the cover soil should be uniform, and cover the film on the seedbed to keep the humidity of the seedbed uniform; 3 When the emergence is uneven or there is no sign of emergence, the seed in the seedbed should be inspected. If the root of the seed radiates yellow, it means that the seed cannot Normal germination, should carefully find the reasons to improve the seedbed environmental conditions, and immediately replant; if the root tip is still white, indicating that it can normally germinate, should strengthen the management of temperature and humidity, promote seed germination; 4 when the size of seedlings can be Move the big seedlings to a lower temperature on the front of the greenhouse to keep the seedlings growing in order.
2. When wearing a "hat" unearthed watermelon seedlings, seedlings often do not fall off after seedling emergence, the cotyledons can not be stretched phenomenon, commonly known as "wearing caps." The main reason is the lack of bottom water at the time of sowing or the overburdening of the soil, the seeds have not emerged yet, and the topsoil has dried out, making the seed coat dry hard and hard to fall off.
Prevention measures: 1 The thickness of the cover soil should be appropriate, generally 1 ~ 1.5cm, close to the seedbed after covering a layer of plastic film after sowing, you can heat, but also to keep the soil moist, so that seed coat soft and easy to fall off. 2 When the earthwork is thin or there is cracking on the bed surface, appropriate water should be sprayed and a layer of moister sifted fine soil be spread to increase the moisture content of the soil surface and the friction of the soil to the seeds to help the cotyledons be shelled. 3 For a small amount of cap seedlings, artificial shelling can be performed in the morning when the seed shell is moist and soft.
3. The roots of the roots are: roots are rusted, and when the roots are severe, the roots are rotted and the roots are not long. The seedlings are easy to wither. It is a physiological disease, mainly due to the low bedrock temperature and excessive humidity.
Prevention and control measures: 1 Improve seedling conditions, maintain proper temperature, strengthen ventilation, control watering, adjust humidity, and especially do not water in dark days. 2 Once the roots occur, promptly ventilate and remove moisture, increase evaporation, diligently plough loose soil and increase the permeability. 3 If the soil is too wet, sprinkle some fine dry earth or coal ash to make the temperature of bed soil rise as soon as possible. 4 Use multi-layer covering to facilitate heat preservation and ground temperature rise. Temporary warming is performed at low temperature or in continuous shade, rain and snow days.
4. The root tip of the burning root is yellow, not a new root, but it does not rot. The ground part grows slowly, and it is short, brittle and hard, and has no hair. The leaves are small and wrinkled. It is easy to form small old seedlings. Reasons: The organic fertilizer is not fully cooked, or is not fully sieved and mixed with the bed soil; excessive application of chemical fertilizer in the nutrient soil, soil solution concentration is too large; soil is dry, soil temperature is too high.
Prevention and control measures: 1 Organic fertilizer used in the preparation of nutritious soil must be decomposed; 2 nutrient soil as little or as little as possible with chemical fertilizers; 3 appear burning root, should be depending on the situation of the seedlings, moisture and weather conditions, appropriate increase in watering and pouring The number of waters to reduce the concentration of soil solution.
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