How can bean planting be high-yield? Seeding and fertilization, pest control points

How can bean planting be high-yield? Beans can also be called beans, which is one of the common vegetables on our summer table. When I was a child, I also planted beans in my family. I also learned about some methods of planting beans. After reviewing the relevant materials, I compiled a book about high-yield planting beans. The article, I hope to help everyone.

1. Site preparation and fertilization

Bean planting is suitable for soil with deep soil layer. Therefore, it is possible to choose land rich in organic matter and not planted beans in the previous year. Before planting, the field will be deeply cultivated for about 25cm, and 5000kg of organic fertilizer per acre and 50kg of vegetable special compound fertilizer will be used. Base fertilizer, the land is flattened into a small 1.2m wide.

Second, sowing and nursery

In the late stage of March, the open field cultivation and seedling cultivation of the beans was carried out in the middle of April. The seeding amount per acre was about 2.5kg when planting, and the greenhouse was selected for bean seedling cultivation. Two or three seeds were planted in each hole during sowing. After the seeds are poured through the water, the measures for keeping warm and preventing the lengthening are made. Seeds are selected at the time of seedling, and the seeds are quickly boiled with hot water of 80-90 degrees, and then cooled with cold water. After that, the temperature of the water is kept at 25-30 degrees. After being fished out, it can be sown. After the seed emerges, ensure that the greenhouse temperature is within the range of 20-25 degrees during the day, which is conducive to the seedlings growing neatly and robustly. In the germination stage and seedling stage, the bed soil should not be too moist, because it will reduce the seed germination rate, resulting in the growth of young seedlings, and serious rotten roots and dead seedlings.

Third, colonization

When the seedlings of the nutrient seedlings grow two or three leafy leaves, they can be planted. The beans cultivated in the open field are planted in the late April, first transplanted with a hole puncher, and root water is required after planting. Solid fine soil, sealed and fixed hole, when planting, according to each hoe, transplant two rows of beans, the distance of the hole is 20cm, 5000-5500 piers per mu.

Fourth, field management

1. Beans from transplanting to flowering: Controlling water and cultivating roots, and appropriate seedlings to promote flowering and pod formation.

2. After the pods of the beans: ensure sufficient water supply, promote flowering and increase pods, and topdress two or three times after flowering and pods of the bean plants. The standard of topdressing per mu is: 5~15kg of urea, and it can also be used by survivors. Excreta 750 ~ 1000kg.

3, the harvest period of the beans: reasonable pruning; appropriate selection of side vines; the first inflorescence in the middle of the main vines above the side of the vine, after the first inflorescence, leaving 4 to 5 leaves topping, used to increase the number of inflorescences Promote the good development of inflorescences.

V. Pest Control

1. The main diseases of the beans are root rot and rust.

1.1 root rot

1.1.1 Adhere to the principle of prevention-based, combination of prevention and control, and carry out the field management work. When planting, use 50% carbendazim 1 kg plus fine soil 400-500 kg to mix and cover.

1.1.2 In the early stage of the disease, the roots are immersed with 37% of the roots of 200-300 times or 1000-1500 times of diclosan, every 3-5 days, and the roots are continuously immersed two or three times.

1.2 rust

Spray control with colloidal sulfur 200-250 times solution or with 15% powder rusting wettable powder 150-200 g with water 75-80 kg.

2. The main pests of the beans are pea pods and cowpea pods.

It can be used 500 times of 25% insecticidal double water agent or 60 kg of dead water 50-75 water, sprayed once every 7-10 days from the bud to the initial flowering period, and sprayed two or three times continuously.

Six, beans high-yield planting methods

1. Cultivation and harvesting

1.1 Cultivation

1.1.1 Spring cultivation will be carried out in the late February to late March, and will be planted from late March to late April; summer and autumn cultivation will be carried out from mid-May to early August.

1.2 Harvesting

1.2.1 Spring cultivation is harvested from early June to mid-August; cultivation in summer and autumn is harvested from early July to late October.

2, plastic film cover

2.1 Variety selection

2.1.1 The commonly used variety is 豇28-2, which can be used for spring mulching cultivation.

2.2 Sowing date

2.2.1 The suitable lower limit temperature for sowing is within 14 degrees; the temperature is 4 degrees before and after the frost is cut; the bean seeding is sown by mulching with high ridge and low hole, the planting distance is 65cm, and the distance between the holes is 18-25cm. 4000-5000 holes per acre are planted, and 2-4 seeds are sprinkled in each hole, and the seeding amount is about 2-3 kg.

2.3 Field management

2.3.1 Wipe off the lateral buds below the first inflorescence, the flower bud leaf buds above the first inflorescence and the leaf buds in the mixed buds at the same time; the lateral branches in the upper middle part are seen after the flower buds are topped; the main vines climb to the top of the frame and then the main vines are topped. Hit, stimulate the growth of the side vines, the side vines still see the top after the flower buds.

2.4 Harvesting

2.4.1 After the pod is long enough, it will be harvested in time. Delayed harvesting will cause the bean kernels to expand, which is not conducive to sales, affecting the growth of the pods in the future. Be careful not to damage other inflorescences, flower buds and vine leaves during harvesting.

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