Dry milk late period refers to the period after the end of dry milk to the time before delivery is late dry milk. It is also commonly referred to as pre-period, which is the first two weeks before delivery.
Cows are approaching labour in the early perinatal period. If they are improperly reared, cows are susceptible to various diseases. Therefore, the raising of this stage is centered on health care.
In the rearing of the cow, it should be handled flexibly depending on the body condition of the cow and the degree of swelling of the breast. For cows that are overweight, they must withdraw their concentrates. The quality of the diet is dominated by high quality hay. For cows with poor nutritional status, concentrates should be added immediately (see "guided feeding method"), but the maximum amount of concentrate should not exceed 1% of body weight. Prenatal increase in feed volume, so that the gradual adjustment of the rumen microflora adapted to the type of feed concentrate, help cows can quickly adapt to high-emulsion high-concentrate feeding, can maintain a strong appetite for concentrated materials, The early arrival of cow's milk and lactation peaks will reduce the incidence of ketosis. However, for cows with severe udder edema and hidden mastitis before delivery, it is not advisable to increase the intake of concentrates so as to avoid inflating the breasts or causing mastitis. At the same time, for those with severe breast edema, they should also be given salt.
In recent years, studies have shown that low-calcium feeding methods can effectively prevent the occurrence of post-partum spasticity in the two weeks before the cow's onset of labor, that is, the general dietary calcium content accounts for 0.6% of dry matter to a low level of 0.2%. Because of the normal blood calcium maintenance level of bovine, it is regulated by the release of parathyroid hormone from parathyroid gland. When the calcium supply in the diet is insufficient, it is insufficient to maintain the normal level of calcium in the cow. At this time, the function of parathyroid glands The strengthening of sexual adjustment will decompose bone calcium from the bovine body to maintain blood calcium levels, so when the childbirth, that is, a steady stream of bone calcium is transported into the blood, and avoid postpartum cows produce large amounts of milk, calcium from the milk Excessive discharge causes postpartum paralysis. The pre-period diet should reduce the large volume of juicy feed. At this time, the increase of fetal pressure will affect the normal motility of the digestive tract and cause constipation. In the concentrates, the proportion of bran must be properly increased. Because the bran contains more magnesium and is laxative, it can prevent prenatal constipation. If vitamin A and D (or intramuscular injection) are supplemented daily, the health and vitality of newborn calves can be increased, survival rate can be increased, and the incidence of placenta retention and postpartum paralysis can also be reduced.
The emphasis on strengthening management during the pre-period period is health care work to prevent the infection of the reproductive tract and mammary glands and the occurrence of metabolic diseases. Cows should be transferred to the delivery room 7 to 10 days before delivery, with special care. Before transfer, it is advisable to use 2% caustic soda water to disinfect the delivery room, spread clean and dry bedding, and the delivery room should establish and maintain a daily cleaning and disinfection system. After the cow's hindquarters and limbs are cleaned and disinfected with 2% to 3% of the Suer's solution, they can be transferred to the delivery room, and the registration and transfer of records of the group can be handled.
Keep the cow bed clean in the delivery room and change the bedding. Anti-dangling attacks on cattle. To drink warm water in winter, the best water temperature is about 36 °C, must not drink ice water and feeding frozen deterioration of feed, so as not to cause diarrhea caused by premature delivery. Observe daily changes in the breast, if there is excessive edema, especially more high-yield cows more severe edema, diuretic can be appropriate to vote in order to reduce the degree of edema. If it is found that the redness of the breast is too strong, milking can be done in advance but the colostrum should be preserved. When the weather is fine, it is necessary to drive the cattle production room to exercise freely, avoid avoiding all day long in the wet barn, unfavorable health, susceptible diseases.
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