Peanut, also known as groundnut, is an annual herb of the family Pedicelidae. Native to South America, there are more than 100 countries in the world that cultivate peanuts, the most common in Asia, followed by Africa. According to China's literature on peanuts, the history of cultivation was about 100 years earlier than in Europe. Peanuts are hailed as "plant meats", with oil content as high as 50%, good quality, and fresh scent. In addition to being used for food, it is also used in printing and dyeing and papermaking industry. Peanut is also a Chinese herb, which is suitable for malnutrition, spleen and stomach disorders, cough and asthma, and lack of milk embolism. Peanut cultivation and management techniques are also relatively strong.
Nutrition Analysis
Peanut fruit has a high nutritional value, rich in fat and protein. According to the determination of peanut fat content of 44% -45%, protein content of 24-36%, sugar content of about 20%. Peanut is also rich in vitamin B2.PP, A, D, E, calcium and iron. And contains thiamine, riboflavin, niacin and other vitamins. The mineral content is also very rich, especially contains the human body must amino acid, has the function which promotes the brain cell development, strengthens the memory.
Peanut seeds are rich in oils and fats. They are light yellow in oil extracted from peanut kernels. They are transparent, aromatic, and are good quality edible oils. Peanut oil is difficult to dissolve in ethanol, and one can determine whether the peanut oil is pure by heating the peanut oil into a 70% ethanol solution to 39-40.8 degrees to see its degree of cloudiness. Peanut oil is an oil made by dipping peanuts. Peanut oil is a non-drying oil. It has a light yellow color, good transparency, and delicious fragrance. It is an excellent cooking oil.
Peanut is an important raw material for over 100 foods. In addition to oil extraction, it can also fry, fry, cook, make peanut crisps, as well as a variety of sweets, cakes and so on. Because the carbon dioxide, vanillin, ammonia, hydrogen sulfide, and some other aldehydes are volatilized during peanut baking, the peanut kernels have a special aroma.
Value use
ã€Overview】
Seeds oil 45 to 55%, a few varieties up to about 60%, protein content of 25 to 30%. Used as a lubricant in the textile industry and as a quenching agent in the machinery manufacturing industry. Simple indigestion in children has a certain effect, and antitussive expectorant effect. In addition, peanut seeds can be fryed, fried or made of peanut candy, peanut cakes and other sweets and peanut butter. Stems and leaves are good quality feed. The oyster shell can be used as a raw material for viscose, and more than 10 kinds of products such as acetic acid, vinegar, and activated carbon can be obtained through dry distillation and hydrolysis. Seed coat can be used as medicine to stop bleeding in various bleeding diseases.
The main source of income for farmers in many areas in the North is the cultivation of peanuts or the initial processing of peanuts. Plant meat contains more than twice as much oil as soybeans and more than 20% more than rapeseed. In addition to soybeans, there is no other kind of grain than peanuts. The content of peanuts is more than 30% of that of wheat, 2.5 times of corn, and 3 times of rice. The protein in peanuts is easily absorbed by the body and the absorption rate is about 90%. Therefore, it is well-deserved that peanuts are called plant meat.
The nutritional value of peanuts is high, and even animal foods such as eggs, milk, and meat, which are known as high-grade nutritional products, are also used in the presence of peanuts. Peanuts produce more calories than meat, 20% higher than milk and 40% higher than eggs. Others such as protein, nuclear protein, calcium, phosphorus, and iron are also higher than milk, meat, and eggs. Peanut also contains various vitamins such as A, B, E, and K, as well as lecithin, protein amino acids, choline and oleic acid, arachidic acid, fatty acids, and palmitic acid. It can be seen that the nutritional content of peanuts is very rich and comprehensive. Raw foods, fried foods, and cooking can all be used, especially fried peanuts, which are crispy and delicious, and have a long aftertaste.
Peanut leaves, peanuts, shells, peanut oil, etc., can be used as medicine.