Tobacco facilities are valuable assets for farmers in tobacco-growing areas. How to make full use of the true role of each facility is of great significance to further increase the income of tobacco farmers and enhance the image of the industry. The author tries to combine the information he has mastered to discuss the use of idle facilities.
I. The Necessity of Making Use of Idle Facilities
In recent years, with the accelerating progress of modern tobacco agriculture, especially the construction of tobacco leaf production infrastructure, the conditions for agricultural production in tobacco growing areas have been accelerating, and tobacco machinery suitable for tobacco growing areas has gradually increased, which has brought many benefits to tobacco farmers. However, we must also be soberly aware that while the facilities for tobacco use are developing rapidly, the phenomenon of inefficient use of agricultural machinery has emerged in individual places. Some agricultural machinery use a short time, long idle time. For example, transplanters use only about 10 days in a year, with low workload and low utilization rate. While dampening the enthusiasm of tobacco farmers, they are also “affordable, useful, and effective†to some extent. The goal is deviating.
Therefore, in order to achieve sustained, healthy and sustainable development of tobacco leaf production, it is necessary to unify the development speed and utilization efficiency of tobacco machinery, and gradually achieve the goal of development and utilization efficiency of tobacco facilities.
Second, the reasons for the first
According to the author's limited data, the current reasons for the idleness of smoke machinery are mainly the following three points:
First, individual departments only attach importance to the number of tobacco facilities and the speed of development, ignoring the efficiency of their use. At present, some units have listed the number and development speed of tobacco machinery as the main work performance, and they believe that it is sufficient to complete the promotion of quantitative tasks, ignoring the utilization efficiency and economic efficiency of agricultural machinery.
Second, the quality of agricultural machinery is generally not high. It is understood that some mechanical operators have a low level of education. They do not know enough about the structure, working principles, and operating techniques of agricultural machinery, and they do not understand maintenance and safe production knowledge. This creates a phenomenon that once the machinery fails, it will stop and wait for the technicians to solve the problem. Therefore, the tobacco farmers only use them hurriedly. Once the agricultural operations in this link are completed, they will not consider how to use them further. This also leads to the idleness of machinery to a certain extent.
The third is limited by the local natural conditions. Although the construction of supporting roads for tobacco production has not increased in recent years, in villages where the individual planting area is relatively small, there are still phenomena that the farming road is too narrow, the roads are out of repair and the bridges are broken. At the same time, some tobacco fields have small plots, large gaps, and lack of concentration of planted areas, leading to more transfer time and shorter operating time for mechanical operations. Therefore, although some tobacco-growing villages have more smoke machines, they are limited to operating in a limited number of villages and it is difficult to form a regional scale. This has also led to the efficiency of some smoke machines.
Fourth, there are relatively few tobacco farmers who own tobacco machinery. At present, most of the tobacco growers work in different ways, and even individual households still have some agricultural machinery that has relatively lagged technology. The operation efficiency is low and the utilization rate is low. This results in the phenomenon of “having everything to do with everyone and not living togetherâ€. Affected the utilization of smoke machinery, resulting in idle.
Third, some suggestions
In view of the above reasons, the author thinks that it is necessary to use the following three aspects to make use of idle cigarette facilities:
The first is to start from the simplest. For example, greenhouses for nursery use can guide tobacco farmers to use idle nursery greenhouses to grow vegetables and medicinal herbs and use intensive types, in accordance with local conditions such as climate, soil, and water sources, without prejudice to the production of tobacco leaves and the absence of common diseases and insect pests. Barn raising mushrooms and so on. According to reports, a town has taken a road with a mushroom industry company and used 71 idle greenhouses to develop mushroom cultivation. It is estimated that the annual benefit of each greenhouse will reach 8,000 to 10,000 yuan, and more than 150 laborers will be able to work.
The second is to improve the system. It is possible to guide the tobacco farmers who own machinery to take a joint approach to improve the efficiency of agricultural machinery utilization and economic efficiency. For example, in the large-scale production of tobacco leaf ecological villages to establish and develop agricultural machinery associations, to organize the scattered machinery, in accordance with the "private, civilian management, benefit the people" principle, expand the scale of cross-region operations, so that they form an alliance of interests, for It creates a collaborative and collaborative service platform to further improve the utilization efficiency and economic benefits of idle machinery.
The third is to implement the management and protection. Although various departments at all levels have established a relatively strict infrastructure management and protection system, there are still tobacco leaf production infrastructure facilities in individual tobacco-growing areas. In particular, transplanting machines, knitting machines, etc., because of the strong seasonality, the storage and storage at leisure has become an important issue that cannot be ignored. According to the information available to the author, tobacco farmers cooperatives have been set up in many tobacco-producing areas. For this reason, for the machinery that has been busy for a season, the maintenance team can be set up in the cooperative to take special measures, which saves time and effort, and saves money.
The fourth is to start with training. You can use the slack season, organize the basic structure, working principles, maintenance, and troubleshooting of the facilities for learning to smoke, teach safe operating techniques, and make use of the joint efforts of manufacturers, governments, and the tobacco industry to establish long-term relationships with tobacco farmers. In order to further improve the efficiency of the use of tobacco facilities.