Penaeus vannamei has the advantages of short growth cycle and good economic benefits. It is currently the main shrimp species widely promoted in the aquaculture industry. Its breeding scale is continuously expanding and its development momentum is strong. It has formed the second shrimp industry in the past 20 years. At the peak, according to practical experience, the author believes that the following steps must be taken into account in the aquaculture process: 1. Pond facilities The size of the pond should be 5-10 mu per mouth, too large or too small. There are certain defects; the height of water storage is kept at 1 - Between 1.5 meters, according to the different needs of each stage can be adjusted at any time; must be cleared bottom silt, aged sludge generally contain high ammonia nitrogen and nitrite nitrogen, harmful to the growth of fish and shrimp, and more silt too Thickness is also not conducive to labor; there must be adequate and stable water sources, the pond must not leak water, and the convenience of drainage should be taken into consideration; in addition, 2-3 kW pumps and 3-5 kW water jet aerators should be provided. Pool set. 2. Before the seedlings are disinfected, the advanced water is 20-30 centimeters long. Each kilogram of bleached powder or 0.75 kilograms of copper sulfate with a concentration of 75% is soaked. After immersed in 3-4 days, 50-60 kilograms of lime are used per acre. Water to a depth of 60 cm, soak for 3-4 days, drain, use the sun to dry, and then feed water to prepare seedlings. If it is a pond that has been bred for many years, the disinfection work must be done more fully and carefully. In the meantime, disinfection can be increased once more, with 10 kg of tea seed cake soaked in per acre or spilled with other germicides. 3, water quality and fertilizer measures Before the seedlings, it is very important for the cultivation of the water body food organisms. Fertilizer manure or compound fertilizer can be applied, and appropriate amount of urea can be added. Can also apply biological fertilizer, can enhance the breeding of beneficial bacteria in the water, improve the reproductive capacity of aquatic organisms. 4. The selection of seedlings for seedlings is extremely important. At present, the deterrence and cultivation of shrimp seedlings are generally separated from each other, that is, farmers are generally purchasing seedlings from the seedlings for adoption. The seedlings should fully observe the origin of their origin and the health status of the broodstock. In addition to careful inspection of the nursery farms, specific measures are necessary to track and understand the types of seed that have been sold and then decide whether or not to use them. When selecting seedlings, it should also be observed whether the individual size is uniform, whether the colors are the same and the vigor is stronger. 5. Feed input There are many feeds for shrimp currently, which can be selected based on specific factors such as eating conditions, nutritional needs, feed price, etc. in each growth period of the shrimp. Feeding should be performed several times a day and it can be divided into three times. If the pond is larger, feeding points should be added to achieve uniform feeding. 6. Observe the water quality. Observe the quality of the water. Observe the changes in the water quality, water temperature, water color, and feeding conditions through the morning, evening, and evening patrol ponds. If abnormalities are found, they are generally signs of adverse consequences and should be promptly requested by professional and technical personnel. Analyze, find reasons, treat symptomaticly. Regularly measure the temperature, salinity, and pH of the water body. If it is not in a moderate range, it should be treated and adjusted in time. In addition, the nitrite nitrogen, ammonia nitrogen, and sulfide content of the water body should be measured periodically. Whether the whole culture process is stable and exceeds the standard. 7. The causes of disease caused by disease prevention and control are various. Once an outbreak occurs, it often causes a large area of ​​death, or even no harvest. There have been painful lessons in the past and it is a major problem that has long plagued the development of the shrimp industry. During the onset period, it is generally difficult to find an effective and immediate solution. Prevention is the main method and it is considered as the most fundamental way. In addition to the precautions mentioned above, the water body must be regularly sterilized during the cultivation process, and the water source should be emphasized. The cleanliness, pay attention to observe the situation of the nearby bred farmers, enhance awareness of prevention, find abnormalities, find relevant professional and technical personnel in time for analysis and treatment, early disinfection and prevention, preparedness.
Urinalysis Reagent Strip
1. urine analysis strip is dry chemical reaction principle, the human body in the urine of white blood cells, proteins, ph, urine specific gravity, ketone body, bilirubin, occult blood, nitrite, uric bravery, glucose, creatinine, vitamin C, calcium within ten three indexes such as qualitative and semi-quantitative detection.
2. For the use of this product, we must pay attention to several points. For example, at the beginning, we should immerse all the reagent part on the urine analysis strip into the sample, and then take it out immediately.
3. Additionally, the edge of the urine analysis strip should be gently brushed along the mouth wall of the sample container to remove excess urine. Then place the reagent block on the urinalysis strip horizontally up and compare with the color map to record the results.
Rational use of urine analysis strip has played a very good role in our timely detection of disease and timely treatment
[Test Principle]
Urobilinogen:Urobilinogen with diazonium salt produce red violet dyes in strong acid medium.
Bilirubin:The direct bilirubin with dichlorobenzene diazonium produce azo dyes in acid medium.
Ketone:The acetoacetic acid and sodium nitroprusside cause reaction in alkaline medium,which produces red violet compound.
Blood:Hemoglobin acts as peroxidase. It can cause peroxidase release neo-ecotypes oxide (O).(O) oxidizes the indicator and make the color change subsequently.
Protein:It is based on a specific pH indicator attracted by cation on protein molecule,the indicator further ionized and make the color change.This phenomenon is called protein-error-of -indicator principle.
Nitrite:Nitrite and aromatic amine are diazotized to form a diazonium compound.The diazonium compound reacts with tetrahydrobenzo(h)quinolin 3-phenol produce the red azo dye.
Leukocyte:Pyrrole amino acid ester produce free phenol under the hydrolysis of esterase in neutrophile granulocyte,the free phenol couple with phenyl diazonium salt produce purple azo dyes.
Glucose:The glucose oxidized by glucose oxidase catalyzes the formation of glucuronic acid and peroxide hydrogen.Peroxide hydrogen releases neo-ecotypes oxide(O)under the function of peroxidase.(O)oxidizes tetramethyl benzidine, which make the color change.
Specific Gravity:Methyl vinyl ether and maleic acid copolymer is weak acid (-COOH) exchanger,the M+ cation (the major is Na+) in urine reacts with the exchanger and release hydrogen ion,hydrogen ion reacts with indicator produce color change.
pH:The method of pH indicator is applied.
Ascorbic Acid:Ascorbic acid deoxidizes the 2.6-dichlorphenolindophenol dye into colorless in alkaline medium.
Microalbumin:Sulfone phthalein dye has high sensitivity to microalbumin by the method of protein error.
Creatinine:Creatinine with 3,5-Dinitrobenoic acid produce violet compound in alkaline medium.
Calcium:Calcium ion reacts with methyl bromothymol blue produce color change in alkaline medium.
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