Single valve single tank automatic softening water treatment site map
Single valve single tank automatic softening water treatment site map softening water equipment work process and work requirements
1) Softened water equipment workflow
Work (sometimes called water production, the same below), backwashing, salt absorption (regeneration), slow flushing (replacement), and quick flushing. All processes for different softened water plants are very close, but there may be additional processes due to actual process variations or control needs. Any softened water equipment based on sodium ion exchange is developed on the basis of these five processes (where fully automatic softened water equipment increases the brine refilling process).
Backwashing: After a period of work, the equipment will intercept a lot of dirt from the raw water in the upper part of the resin. After the dirt is removed, the ion exchange resin can be completely exposed, and the regeneration effect can be guaranteed. The backwashing process is that water is washed from the bottom of the resin and flows out from the top, so that the dirt intercepted by the top can be washed away. This process usually takes about 5-15 minutes.
Salt absorption (regeneration): the process of injecting salt water into the resin tank. The traditional equipment uses a salt pump to inject the brine. The fully automatic equipment uses a special built-in ejector to suck the salt water (as long as the water has a certain pressure) . In the actual working process, the regeneration effect of the brine flowing through the resin at a slower speed is better than that of simply impregnating the resin with salt water. Therefore, the softened water equipment is regenerated by slowly flowing the salt water through the resin. This process generally requires 30. In minutes or so, the actual time is affected by the amount of salt used.
Slow rinsing (replacement): After flowing the resin through the brine, the process of rinsing all the salt in the resin at the same flow rate with raw water is called slow rinsing, because there are still a large number of functional groups in this rinsing process. Calcium and magnesium ions are exchanged by sodium ions. According to practical experience, this process is the main process of regeneration, so many people call this process a replacement. This process is generally the same as the time of salt absorption, ie about 30 minutes.
Quick rinsing: In order to thoroughly rinse the residual salt, the resin should be rinsed with raw water at a flow rate close to the actual work. The final effluent of this process should be the soft water up to standard. In general, the fast rinse process is 5-15 minutes.
Single valve single tank automatic softening water treatment site map softening water equipment technical indicators and work requirements:
Inlet water pressure: 0.18-0.6Mpa
Working temperature: 1-55 °C Source water hardness: <8mmol/L
Mode of operation: automatic / manual water hardness: ≤ 0.03mmol / L
Regenerant: NaCL regeneration method: downstream / countercurrent
Exchange agent: 001*7 strong acid ion exchange resin
Control mode: time / flow working power: 220V / 50Hz
Single valve single tank automatic softening water treatment site map softening water equipment controller type
1. Manual type:
This method is a traditional standard method, mainly in the form of downstream/no-pressure and counter-current. Generally, the tanks of two carbon steel structures are connected in parallel. According to the different process, each tank needs to be used with 8-11 pieces. Manual valve (two tanks need to be equipped with about 16-20 valves), the special salt pump is used to pump the dissolved salt liquid into the resin tank during regeneration (this equipment used to be the main form of domestic softened water equipment). The main features of the softened water equipment of this structure are: the process is simple and easy to understand, easy to operate, low in cost, and can be applied to the needs of large flow; but the technology is backward, the land occupation is large, the operation consumption is large, and the actual operation is strong. The salt pump is highly corrosive and has high maintenance costs.
2. Domestic combination automatic type:
Due to the complexity of the use of manual equipment, in the early 1990s, a new type of equipment with a combined integrated valve as the core emerged. The main core component of this equipment is a multi-channel integrated valve that changes the direction of water flow through the rotation of the valve body. Compared with traditional manual equipment, this kind of equipment has a much smaller footprint and higher automation than traditional manual equipment. However, since the control method uses time control, the control accuracy during operation is low. Due to the limitations of design ideas, processing techniques and materials, the planar integrated valves used in most equipment are prone to wear and are unlikely to be repaired once worn. At present, there are many manufacturers of such equipment in the domestic market, and the actual quality of the products varies greatly, and the operation effect of many devices is not satisfactory.
3. Imported automatic type
In Europe and the United States, since the 1960s, the automation design of ion exchange equipment has begun. With the development of industrial technology, multi-way valves and integrated valves different from domestic multi-way valves have been developed, mainly with multi-way valves. Mainly, the main materials are engineering plastics and lead-free brass. The core component is a multi-channel integrated valve. The valve plate or piston is generally used to control the direction of water flow. The small motor drives the camshaft (or piston) to move. Due to the better development of foreign industrial technology, this type of equipment has been developed quite well. The product specifications range from 0.2t/h for household use to 70t/h for industrial use. The controller is highly automated (new ones can be combined with industry). Computer or general monitoring computer communication).
Definition of softened water equipment
Softened water equipment, as its name suggests, is a device that reduces water hardness. It mainly removes calcium and magnesium ions from the sputum water. The softened water equipment cannot reduce the total salt content in the water during the process of softening water.
How softened water equipment works
Since the hardness of water is mainly formed and expressed by calcium and magnesium, a cation exchange resin (water softener) is generally used to displace Ca2+ and Mg2+ (the main component forming scale) in the water, and as the Ca2+ and Mg2+ in the resin increase, The efficiency of resin removal of Ca2+ and Mg2+ is gradually reduced.
When the resin absorbs a certain amount of calcium and magnesium ions, it must be regenerated. The regeneration process is to rinse the resin layer with the brine in the salt tank, and the hardness ions on the resin are replaced, and the resin is discharged with the recycled waste liquid. The softening exchange function is restored.
Since the hardness of water is mainly formed by calcium and magnesium, and the water hardness is mainly formed by calcium and magnesium, and the sodium ion exchange softening treatment is carried out, the raw water is passed through a sodium-type cation exchange resin to make the hardness components Ca2+ and Mg2+ in the water The Na+ phase in the resin is exchanged to adsorb Ca2+ and Mg2+ in the water to soften the water. For example, if RNa stands for sodium type resin, the exchange process is as follows:
2RNa + Ca2+ = R2Ca + 2Na+
2RNa + Mg2+ = R2Mg + 2Na+
That is, after the water passes through the sodium ion exchanger, Ca+ and Mg+ in the water are replaced by Na+.
The general control valve operation process is: running, backwashing, salt absorption, slow washing, salt tank hydration, and washing.
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