In recent years, greenhouse vegetable cultivation is very common. Because the ecological environment in the vegetable shed is rather special, all kinds of pests and diseases are suitable in the four seasons. It is necessary to use pesticides scientifically and accurately to effectively control pests and diseases and cultivate vegetables that produce high quality and safety. Accurate selection of drugs. Each pesticide has a certain range of prevention and control. Therefore, before use, it is necessary to understand the functions and use methods of each pesticide, and accurately select drugs according to the characteristics and objects of occurrence of pests in the shed.
Timely medication According to the law of occurrence of pests and diseases, it should be applied at the initial stage of pests and diseases. Taking into account the warm and moist environment in the shed, it is not appropriate to spray on rainy days or in high temperatures to prevent the shed from getting too high and reducing the efficacy. At the same time, do not use sulfur preparations to prevent melon and vegetable diseases under high temperature conditions so as to avoid phytotoxicity.
Rotating drugs should be used alternately according to pesticides with different types and different mechanisms of action. For example, dimethoate belongs to organophosphorus pesticides and the enemy kills pyrethroid pesticides. Their mechanism of action is different. If attention is paid to rotation, the occurrence of insecticide resistance can be avoided or delayed.
The safe use of drugs in the production of vegetables should use high-efficiency, low-toxicity, low-residue pesticides. Never increase the concentration of the drug at random. The number of medications should not be excessive, and the drug should be used strictly in accordance with the distance to prevent the vegetables from causing phytotoxicity. At the same time, the use of highly toxic pesticides such as organic chlorine, carbofuran, and methamidophos must be strictly prohibited.
How to identify whether the pesticide fails When purchasing or using chemical pesticides, it is necessary to identify the quality of pesticides. If you purchase or use pesticides that have already failed, it will not only directly cause economic losses, but also easily cause phytotoxicity, but also due to pests and diseases. Without timely and effective prevention and control, production is reduced.
Commonly used methods of identification are:
Intuitive method for powder pesticides, first look at the appearance of the drug, if it has been significantly damp and agglomerate, drug flavor is not strong or have other odors, and can be handcuffed into a group, indicating that the basic failure; for emulsion pesticides, the first bottle to stand, If the liquid is turbid or delaminated (i.e. oil-water separation), precipitates are naturally or floc-likely suspended, indicating that the agent may have failed. Heating method for powder pesticides. Take 5-10 grams of pesticide and put it on a piece of metal to heat it. If there is a lot of white smoke and there is a strong pungent smell, it means that the medicine is good. Otherwise, it means that it has expired. The flotation method is applied to wettable powder pesticides. Take a cup of 200 g of clean water, and then weigh 1 g of pesticide. Gently and evenly spread it over the surface of the water. Observe it carefully. If it is wet and can sink in water within 1 minute, it is an un-failed pesticide. Otherwise it is a failure pesticide.
Suspension method is applied to wettable powder pesticides. Take 30-50 grams of pesticide in a glass container, add a small amount of water to make a paste, then add 150-200 grams, purify the water, and stand for 10 minutes to observe. Among them, the un-failed pesticide has good solubility. The particles suspended in the liquid are fine, the sedimentation speed is slow and the amount of sedimentation is small, and the failure of pesticides is the opposite. Oscillation method for emulsion pesticides. For pesticides with oil and moisture layers, shake the vials vigorously and observe them after standing for 1 hour. If delamination still occurs, it indicates that the chemicals have deteriorated.
Hot melt method for emulsion pesticides. Put pesticides with precipitates into the warm water with a bottle of water (the water temperature should not be too high, suitable for 50 °C -60 °C), after 1 hour observation, if the precipitate slowly dissolves, indicating that the pharmaceutical has not failed, until the precipitate dissolves Afterwards, it can be inherited and reused; if the precipitate is insoluble or insoluble, it means that it has failed and can no longer be used.
Dilution method for emulsion pesticides. Take 50 grams of pesticide, place it in a glass bottle, add 150 grams of water, and shake it for 30 minutes. If the liquid is milky white, it will be a failure pesticide, and the more oil in the upper slick will become worse.
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