Anthurium is also known as Anthurium, anthurium, anthurium, etc. Cultivars are mainly selected from the crosses of andreanum and scherzerianum. In recent years, with the continued success of the sales of red-handed potted plants, more and more flower producers want to enter this field, and are also eager to understand the conditions and attention needed to plant Anthurium. In the production practice, the author concluded a set of potted Anthurs cultivation management experience, now the main experience is described as follows:
First, botanical characteristics
Anthurium belongs to the genus Asteraceae of the Araceae Family. It is a perennial evergreen plant that can bloom year after year. Generally, the plant grows to a certain period of time, and each bud can be extracted and bloomed. Anthurium is often cross-pollinated, and pollination methods mainly rely on insects such as bees, butterflies, and moths.
Second, growth habits
Anthurium is native to tropical rainforests such as Costa Rica and Colombia. It is often attached to a tree, sometimes attached to a rock or growing directly on the ground. It is a warm, humid, semi-shady environment. Avoid direct sunlight.
Third, planting material selection
At present, the production of potted Anthurium seedlings in China is mainly imported from the Netherlands. For example, Anzu and Ryan are all famous suppliers of Anthurium seedlings in the Netherlands. There are four common types of Anthurium potted plants: tissue culture seedlings, cut strains, plug seedlings, and potted seedlings. A basic principle: the smaller the plant, the more difficult it is to cultivate. Tissue culture and cutting require special cultivation methods, which are difficult and generally not recommended. For growers, if the cultivation conditions are relatively good and there is some experience, a pot seedling with a height of 10-15 cm can be selected. This kind of seedling can be directly planted in the final pot and is safer. When you have enough experience, you can use the seedlings with a height of 6-10 cm, which is cheaper to transport.
IV. Cultivation Management
1. Temperature and light
Anthurium is more sensitive to temperature, suitable growth temperature 14-35 °C, optimum temperature 19-25 °C, temperature difference between day and night 3-6 °C, that is, the best daytime 21-25 °C, about 19 °C at night, at such temperatures, It is beneficial to the absorption and accumulation of nutrient of Anthurium and it is extremely beneficial to growth and flowering. If the temperature is lower than 13°C for a long time, the plant will not die, but it will be difficult to restore growth for a long time. When the temperature is higher than 35°C and the light is relatively full, the leaves are prone to burns because the damaged leaves will not be reversed, affecting the radix. The overall quality also creates difficulties for the next step of conservation.
In intensive production conditions, temperature is often used to automatically control the temperature of the equipment, in winter heating by the boiler or install heating heaters, such as fuel heating machine, double plastic sheeting, cold cloth, cotton mat, straw and so on. Cooling often uses a water curtain-fan cooling system, which is also commonly used in cooling programs in northern China, or water mist cooling and humidification equipment, can also open the greenhouse window, side windows, rolled plastic shed side of the plastic sheeting. Family conservation, such as living in bungalows, winter can be placed on the sun side, at night can be placed inside the curtain, or from the heat source closer to the location of the summer on the windows of the room shade, and pay attention to ventilation, can also be placed in the hall, or during the day out of the outdoor Place it in a cool place.
The genus Rhododendron is a shade-tolerant plant, avoid direct sunlight, but do not think that Anthurium is a shade-resistant flower, but it does not need light. According to observations, when the light is increased by 1%, the amount of flower production will also increase by 1%, but this is within the appropriate light intensity range of Anthurium. A suitable range of light intensity is 10000-20000 lux, depending on different species, different growth conditions in different growth periods, in any case to ensure that lighting can not exceed 25000-30000 lux.
Under intensive production conditions, shading often uses double shading nets, a 40% fixed shading net is used outside the greenhouse, and a 60% shading net can be placed inside the greenhouse. The light intensity can be adjusted freely every day. Its fixed shading net is relative, capable of doing a removable shading net.
Family conservation can be placed in the shade or in the shade of the room during the summer. It can also be placed in places where the sun is not directly exposed, such as in the shade of trees, under flowers, or in the shade. Should be placed on the sunny side of the room in winter.
2. Moisture and humidity
3. Cultivation substrate and fertilizer
V. Pest Control
1. Potted Anthurium Occurs sometimes with premature flower failure, malformation, adhesions, fissures, vitrification, and blue patches, which are mostly physiological diseases caused by fertilization, basin soil, and poor air humidity management or breed causes. The prevention method is to improve the management of cultivation, rational fertilization, and proper ventilation.
2. The main pests and diseases of Potted Anthurium include bacterial wilt, leaf spot, root rot, cyst, genus Mycetis, nematode, red spider, aphid, lepidopteran pest, whitefly, and scale insects. , snails and so on.
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