The crustacean is a crustacean, a soft armor, a decapoda, and a prawn, commonly known as lobster. It has the characteristics of complex feeding, strong fertility, wide adaptation range, low requirements on environmental conditions, rapid growth, strong disease resistance, high survival rate, and is naturally distributed in rivers, ditch, ponds, farmland and other waters. Because of its delicious meat and rich nutrition (protein content 16% - 2.%), it is favored by consumers. Shrimp shell is rich in calcium, phosphorus, iron and other important nutrients, can be processed into feed additives, can also be processed chitin, chitin and chitosan and other industrial raw materials, widely used in agriculture, food, medicine, tobacco, paper , printing and dyeing fields. Therefore, the benefit-driven ultra-intensity fishing has reduced the production of lobster in the natural world, and there has been a trend of supply shortage in the market, and prices have continued to rise. Therefore, the development of artificial lobster breeding can not only make up for the lack of natural resources, solve the conflicts between the people's consumption and the current market supply and demand, but also can make the current rural farmers get rich. Artificial breeding of lobster should mainly grasp the following points.
(1) Artificial breeding of shrimp seedlings 1. Artificial breeding pond area for shrimps and shrimps in shrimp breeding ponds is suitable for 1200 - 2000 square meters. The water depth is 0.5 - 1 meter, and the width of pool pool is more than 1.5 meters. We have built anti-escape facilities, and the inlet and outlet pipelines are complete.
2 The choice of broodstock for mature lobsters takes 9 to 12 months. The male and female prawn have obvious characteristics in appearance and can be easily identified. They reach the sexually mature prawn, the male individuals are significantly larger than the females, and the cheeks are thick and the cheeks are full. On the outside there is a bright red soft palate; the gonad opening is at the base of the foot at step 5. Female abdomen enlargement.
Election of broodstock - In the September-October of the previous year or March-April of the year, the selected broodstock required more than 10 months of age and a body weight of about 30 grams. The physique was strong, and the attached limbs were complete, free from illness and injury. Male to female ratio is (2 - 3): 1.
3 Prior to the release of the broodstock, shrimp ponds should be routinely sterilized, and then apply about 800 kg of fermented and rotted straw or weeds to fertilize water per acre. At the same time, the same slice or bamboo tube, plastic tube, and poplar root must be set in the pool. Broodstock habitat, shelling, hidden places.
4 After broodstock rearing for broodstock breeding, it is necessary to do a safe winter and strengthen feeding and management. Since March, animal feed has been fed, mainly spit meat, livestock and poultry slaughtered waste, supplemented by some vitamins. High feed. Daily feeding amount: In March, 2% - 3% of the body weight of broodstock, 4% - 5% in April, 6% - 8% in May, plus 1 renewal of fresh water every 10 - 15 days since May. To promote gonads development of broodstock.
5 Breeding of shrimps During the period of 4 to 5 months when the water temperature reached 20 degrees Celsius, broodstock began mating. The males discharge the sperm into the female seminal vesicles and store them before spawning. The fertilized eggs hatch into juvenile shrimp in the female's abdomen and the incubation time is 40 - 70 days. After hatching, the juveniles were all attached to the maternal abdominal swimming feet. Under the protection of the mothers, the growth and development of the larval stage were completed. Juvenile shrimp - leave the mother can take the initiative to eat, live independently. When a large number of juvenile shrimps are found in the breeding ponds, the seedlings should be collected in time to cultivate the shrimp species.
(2) Juvenile shrimp breeding 1 Juvenile shrimp ponds with a depth of 20 - 40 m 2 and a water depth of 0.6 - 0.8 m are preferred. Area 1200 - 2000 square meters, near the water, good water quality, easy access to the drainage pond can also be used. For stocking of seedlings, first of all, anti-advance facilities should be built, and then the ponds should be disinfected with 500 kg of base fertilizer per acre. Plankton should be cultivated to feed juvenile shrimp. At the same time set mesh, bamboo, etc., to increase the young shrimp habitat, shelling and hidden places.
2 For juvenile shrimp breeding, 100,000 to 150,000 juvenile shrimps are planted per acre. The juvenile shrimps to be placed are required to have neat specifications, strong physique, no disease, no injuries and strong viability. - Usually put on a sunny day in the morning or on cloudy days. After juvenile shrimps are stocked, they must fertilize the water quality and feed them in a timely manner. In the first week after stocking, the juvenile shrimps splashed milk 3 to 4 times a day, and after the first week, they were fed with animal feed. The corn and wheat were properly processed into a paste feed, one for morning and evening, and one for night. Feeding 70% of the total amount, the daily dosage is fed 2.5 to 4 kg per 100,000 juvenile shrimps, and then feeds the feed at a rate of about 10%. The young shrimps can be cultivated for about 3 to 3 centimeters after 25 to 30 days. , put into the shrimp pond culture.
(3) Feeding and management of adult shrimps into shrimp farming ponds Approximately 3 centimeters of shrimp seedlings are stocked with about 10,000-15,000 larvae per acre, and about 4000 rearing fish species are reared for polyculture of shrimp and fish. The prawn is omnivorous. Under natural conditions, it feeds on organic detritus, algae, roots, leaves and fragments of aquatic plants, and eats aquatic insects, as well as snails, clams, and fish. In addition to regular fertilization of plankton for feeding during artificial feeding, rice bran, bran, bean cakes, and miscellaneous fish can be directly fed to keep the protein content of feed at about 25%. During the intensive season (May-September), the daily feeding amount is 5% - 8% of the shrimp body weight, and the remaining seasons are 1% - 3%. The specific feeding amount should be determined according to the situation of the remaining feed after the previous day feeding.
In addition to maintaining adequate feed during the rearing of adult shrimp, new water must be regularly added to adjust the water quality, keep the water depth at 1.5 meters or more, and plant aquatic plants for shrimp to inhabit. At the same time, we should do a good job in preventing diseases, regularly use quicklime to sterilize the food field, and maintain excellent water quality in the shrimp ponds.
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