The main problems facing the current late rice production are: weak ability to deliver, “cold exposureâ€, and a large threat to pests and diseases.
What are the difficulties facing the current late rice production? What technical measures should be taken? The reporter recently interviewed Liao Xiyuan, head of the rice expert guidance group of the Ministry of Agriculture.
Liao Xiyuan said that the current problems facing late rice production are mainly manifested as “a weak and two threatsâ€: a weakness is the weakening of the ability to deliver. Due to the delay in the harvest period of early rice this year and the late evening of the rice harvest, the fields of the late rice and alfalfa in the double season could not be planted in time, and the seedlings were generally old. One of the two threats is the "cold dew" threat. This year, the planting period of the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River has been postponed by about 7 days, and the growth period has been postponed. This has increased the risk of “cold exposure†in the later period. Late rice encounters “cold dew windâ€, which leads to heading and flowering resistance, and increases the empty shell rate. The second is the threat of pests and diseases. The long-term and extensive floods this year have created objective conditions for the spread of diseases such as rice blast, sheath blight, bacterial blight, and thin strip diseases. At present, the number of pathogenic bacteria is large, showing an outbreak trend.
Liao Xiyuan said that it is necessary to increase sub-fertilizer and strong grain fertilizer in late-season double rice.
The first is to increase the tiller fertilizer. This year, the tiller fertilizer should reach 15 to 20 kg of urea and 15 to 20 kg of potash fertilizer, and increase the application of 5 kg of urea and 5 kg of potassium fertilizer per mu. Adjust the fertilization structure, increase the amount of tiller fertilizer, and strive for sufficient effective panicles. This year, about 5 days after the late rice seedlings are thrown in, one-time application of heavy fertilizers in multiple applications will be beneficial to the formation of effective maggots.
The second is to increase strong grain fertilizers to promote safe panicles and increase grain weight. The biggest threat to late rice production this year is "cold dew." The effective way is to spray foliar fertilizer, mainly spraying potassium dihydrogen phosphate and ninety-two mixed solution.
According to the growing condition of the seedlings, for the defertilizer field, 2 to 3 kilograms of urea can be applied per acre during the filling stage; the potassium dihydrogen phosphate 150-200 g, the 92nd O1-2 g, and the watered 50 kg for foliar Spraying to accelerate grouting, increase seed-setting rate and 1000-grain weight. In addition, we must strengthen the prevention and control of pests and diseases.
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