According to the growth characteristics of Welsh onion, we started from the selection of fine varieties of welsh onion, cultivating strong seedlings, optimizing corn rooting, soil fertigation, reasonable close planting, comprehensive disease prevention, timely harvesting, processing, storage and transportation, etc., focusing on the popularization and application of late-on-season onion varieties and welsh onion seedlings. Technology, onion reasonable fertilization technology, prevention technology of green onions and soil diseases, and other key technologies, improve the output, quality and efficiency of green onions to form the characteristics of Zhangjiagang industry. This technology is one of the contents of the agricultural science and technology innovation project in Jiangsu Province.
Promotion of Projects Nanjing Agricultural University established a new onion variety and new technology promotion and demonstration base in Zhaxi and Qixin villages in Leyu Town, Zhangjiagang City, and promoted and applied the application of late bolting onion varieties, seedling cultivation techniques, fertilizer and water management technologies, and pest and disease synthesis. Key technologies such as prevention and control technologies such as Welsh onion production, through technical training, on-site observation, and distribution of technical data, formed the “Summary of Green Onion Seedling Techniquesâ€, “Spring Onion High-efficient Cultivation Techniquesâ€, “Spring Potato-Summer Onion High-efficient Cultivation Techniques†and “Green Onions†The onion cultivation technology system with emphasis on planting technical regulations is welcomed by farmers, making new varieties and new technologies widely used. A core demonstration area of ​​300 mu will be formed, and the radiation promotion area will reach 2,000 mu, forming a contiguous scale. The annual output of onion will reach 6 million kilograms, and the output value will increase by 12 million yuan annually. Farmers in the project area will increase their income by more than 600 yuan per capita, with significant economic and social benefits.
Technical points
1. Selection of late-on-season varieties of onion. According to the climate and production characteristics of southern Jiangsu, four late-on-season Chinese onion varieties were selected: Super late pumping, Changyue, Ingot, Long March, etc., and their yields, light blue length, resistance to bolting and other traits all had advantages. Super late pumping, Yuanbao, and Changyou 3 varieties of onion cultivars increased by more than 20% compared with the control. The yield increase effect was significant. At the same time, they were more resistant to twitching, disease resistance and drought resistance, high yield and high quality, good commercial property, and they could be compared with local onions and northern green onions during the period of listing. The staggering of the listing season provides better economic and social benefits.
2. Welsh onion seedling technology. (1) Sowing date and age. Early maturing varieties are sown at the end of March and early April, and harvested from November to January of the following year, with 55 to 60 days of age; mid-maturing varieties sown in early April, and harvested from January to February, with 50 to 55 days of maturing; late maturing varieties are at 4 Sowing in the middle and late of the month, harvesting at the end of February and early March, mastering 50 to 55 days of age. (2) Plug seedlings. Onion seed prices are expensive and production should be transplanted. Substrates for nursery should use 6 parts of garden soil that has not been planted onions within 3 years plus 3 parts of fully decomposed organic fertilizer and 1 part of ash, mix well. Before sowing, sufficient water is poured before sowing. After the water is fully infiltrated, the seeds are finely mixed with dry soil or fine sand. After the sowing, the thickness of the cover soil is 0.5 cm. The cover or shed is covered with a film to increase the temperature and keep the soil moisture. Seedlings per acre 0.8 kg of onion seed for about 10 acres of field planting. Standard strong seedlings: seedling height 25 cm above, light green diameter of 0.5 cm or more, dark green tubular leaves, not less than 5 true leaves per plant.
3. Onion rational fertilization technology. The application of potash fertilizer on the basis of nitrogen and phosphorus fertilizer application has a significant role in promoting the growth of Welsh onion. The height of onion plants, number of tillers, long onions, thick white light, and fresh weight of individual plants increased by a certain extent after potassium application. Field observations showed that the green onion plants with potassium application were green in color, robust and robust, and their ability to resist diseases and insect pests increased significantly.
Market Prospects and Benefits Analysis The popularization and application of high quality cultivars of green onions and high quality and high yield cultivation techniques are conducive to the development of winter agriculture in southern Jiangsu and can increase the yield rate of land. Through the identification and cultivation of green onion varieties, cultivation of strong seedlings, optimization of cornices, proper close planting, timely harvesting, and corresponding demonstration and promotion of green onion production specifications, we can improve the quality of onion products, extend the product supply period, expand the scale of winter agriculture, and form a characteristic vegetable industry.
Through the promotion and application in the project area, relevant regulations were made in species selection, fertilizer and water management, sowing time, nursery, field management, pest control, and harvesting. The technical regulations of welsh onion cultivation were formed, and good results were achieved. New varieties and new species were accelerated. With the popularization and application of technology, the yield and output value of scallion all improved significantly. According to statistics, the demonstration area amounts to 2,650 mu, with an average yield of 3673.6 kg, an increase of 813.9 kg over the control mu, an increase of 28.5%, a total increase of 2.126 million kg, an average unit price of 1.4 yuan/kg, and an output value of 5,143 yuan per mu, which is an increase of 1,711 yuan over conventional planting acres. , an increase of 49.8%, a total increase of 30.3 million yuan.
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