Maintain a reasonable group structure. At present, densely populated orchards in the suburbs of Beijing often have high tree heights and excessive treetop branches, forming a group structure with large and small branches and crowns full of trees. As a result, the following branches and branches in the middle of the crown are under sunlit conditions, resulting in poor fruit quality. . A reasonable group is that in the fruit area 40 degrees north latitude, the tree height is about 70% of the row spacing, and the canopy is kept thin and dense, and small and large. This ensures that the lower branches of the tree receive enough sunlight. By balancing pruning, maintaining a treetop middle and reasonable load, it is possible to maintain long-term yield stability and quality.
Thinning and sparse fruit control load. The reason why fruit trees are large and small is due to the imbalance between flower bud differentiation years. When the fruit trees are in their new year, they must pay attention to the control of the degree of pruning and try to control the amount of flowers. In the flowering period and fruit setting period, attention should be paid to the degree of thinning and thinning of fruit, and the amount of load should be properly adjusted to effectively regulate the size of annual results.
Reasonable control of water and fertilizer. Excessive fertilization is common in orchards in the Beijing suburbs, leading to imbalance in soil nutrients. In particular, the orchards with large amounts of chicken manure used for many years tend to cause excessive enrichment of phosphorus in the soil, and antagonize the absorption of trace elements such as iron, zinc, and manganese, causing symptoms of nutrient deficiency in fruit trees and fruits, affecting tree growth and fruit quality. Therefore, balanced fertilization must be carried out according to the law of fertilizer requirement of fruit trees.
Pay attention to controlling soil moisture. Under conditions that ensure the growth of fruit trees, reasonable moisture control adjustments are made. Especially before the fruit is harvested, proper water control should be conducted to avoid flooding the water. Otherwise, the fruit contains large amounts of water, and the fruit is not sweet and has poor storage.
Pay attention to the environmental stress given to fruit trees. For example, alternate irrigation is performed alternately so that half of the roots of the fruit tree are under drought stress. Because plants have secondary metabolic pathways, generally want to obtain high-quality fruit, they must give certain environmental stress to the fruit trees, so that they can open up secondary metabolic pathways, in order to accumulate more aromatic substances, Amino Acid and other flavor substances in the fruits, the flavor of the fruit. Children can be better.
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