January was the coldest time of the year, and the apple tree was in deep dormancy. Do a good job of orchard management focusing on shaping and pruning, cultivate standardized tree shape and good tree structure, strengthen winter protection, improve the ability of tree winter, and do basic orchard management.
Plastic trimming
1. Young tree shaping. The saplings planted in that year are set to dry at 0.8 to 1 meter; later, depending on the strength of the center, they can be cut and thrown. 2. The young tree is trimmed with a slender spindle shape. The young tree within 3 years old is cut into bare rods without leaving branches to increase the step difference. The center of the young tree has been sparsely stripped to leave short piles (1 to 2 cm) , Cut into oblique horse-ear shape to reduce the growth potential of new branches again, you can increase the branch difference.
2. Pruning of mature trees (big trees in full fruit period). It is mainly sparse, without short cuts, continuous long release, uniaxial extension, timely retraction, and three-dimensional results. The happy shape is mainly composed of loose drooping branches, which are laterally, obliquely and drooping evenly; the slender spindle tree leaves only small branches.
Trunk painted white
Before the soil freezes, the whitening agent can be used to brush the trunk and the main branches, which can reduce or avoid the daily burning and freezing damage of the fruit trees and eliminate the overwintering pests. The preparation ratio of the white coating agent is: 5 kg of quick lime, 1 kg of table salt, 0.15 kg of animal oil, 0.5 kg of stone sulfur mixture stock solution, and 12.5 kg of water.
Pest Control
1. Clear the garden. It is necessary to timely remove the diseased dead fruits from the tree, and clear the fallen leaves, diseased and diseased branches, dry and dead branches, weeds, wastes, etc. out of the orchard, and burn them or bury them deeply to eliminate the dormant diseases and insects in winter.
2. Shave the old skin. The trunk, branches, and old bark of the tree are wintering places for disease and insects, and they hide many kinds of diseases and insects. Place bedding around the trunk, collect all the bark and wintering insects that have been scraped, and take them out of the orchard to burn them or bury them deep. When scraping, be thorough and leave no gaps. After the skin is scraped, the trunk is painted white.
3, cut off the pests. Combined with winter shears, cut dry and dead branches and disease and insect branches, and bring them out of the orchard for centralized burning, which can prevent a variety of diseases and insect pests, reduce the base of diseases and insect pests, and reduce harm in the coming year.
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