1. Causes of water pump cavitation At the inlet of the pump, the vacuum formed due to high water absorption and the high speed of the impeller often make the pressure at the place low, thus providing conditions for the vaporization of water. When the pressure is reduced to the vaporization pressure of the water temperature, a large amount of steam bubbles formed due to vaporization flow into the high pressure area of ​​the impeller as the unvaporized water flows, and the bubbles burst in a very short period of time under high pressure and recondense. Water, the water surrounding the bubble quickly concentrates on the center of the broken bubble and generates a large impact force. This kind of impact acts on the wall of the pump and forms a cavitation on the pump.
2, the hazards of water pump cavitation pump wall repeatedly in the impact of the impact, the beginning is the emergence of pitting, and then into a honeycomb. In severe cases, the walls will be short-circuited in the short term. At the same time when cavitation occurs, it is generally accompanied by cracks, roars, vibrations, etc., in which bubbles burst. Because there is still a portion of the bubble that has not broken out with the water flowing out of the pump, the flow of the pump is reduced. The head, efficiency, and even interruption of water supply.
3, prevention and control of pump cavitation
(1) Correctly determine the pump suction height to ensure that the pressure at the impeller inlet is not lower than the vaporization pressure.
(2) Minimize the loss of water in the suction line. Because the greater the loss, the more pressure drops at the pump inlet, the easier it is to vaporize. Therefore, it is necessary to shorten the length of the suction pipe as much as possible, reduce the attachments on the pipeline, the inner wall of the pipe should be smooth, and the diameter of the suction pipe should be appropriately increased.
(3) The pump is downhole and installed. If cavitation occurs due to high water absorption, the pump can be installed downhole or below ground, near the water suction surface.
(4) Use jets to increase the pressure on imports.
(5) Try to make the pump run under rated conditions. If the pump is running below the rated head or greater than the rated speed, the over pump flow will inevitably be greater than the rated flow, and the flow speed at the impeller inlet will inevitably increase and the pressure at this point will further decrease. Therefore, the pump can not freely reduce the lift and increase the speed.
(6) Design and manufacture a reasonable shape and size of the inlet of the pump impeller; an induction wheel can be provided at the inlet of the pump, or pump parts can be made of anti-cavitation material.
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