Broiler chicken siting and construction question and answer
1. How to choose the site of a broiler farm?
A: The choice of broiler farm site directly affects the broiler farm's epidemic prevention status and economic benefits. According to the size of the rearing scale and resource conditions, generally consider the following aspects:
1. Convenient transportation. The location of the chicken farm should be in a convenient location, close to the road, close to the consumer and feed sources. The site must have a certain distance from the main traffic line, preferably over 1,000 meters, which is conducive to epidemic prevention; it must also meet the needs of the farm's heavy transportation tasks.
2. Sufficient water supply. A farm with a production scale of 10,000 chickens needs 3-4 tons of drinking water every day, while other uses such as washing, cooling and domestic water consumption are not less than 10 tons. Therefore, when considering the chicken farm water source, it is necessary to first understand whether the water supply is sufficient, and then check the water quality of the water source.
3. Good epidemic isolation. The choice of a chicken farm is best where no livestock and poultry have been raised. It should be as far away as possible from roads, farmers' markets, slaughter and processing plants, meat processing plants, fur processing plants, and residential areas where diseases can be easily transmitted. Sites should be selected where the terrain is high, well ventilated, and easy to drain.
4. Protect the power supply. Lighting, water supply, heating, ventilation, etc. all require electricity in the chicken farm, so the farm requires ample power.
5. The environmental conditions are good. When selecting a site, it is better to use a flat or slightly sloped terrain. The soil is suitable for sandy soils. At the same time, it is necessary to understand the natural climatic conditions of the site where the site is located, such as the minimum temperature, rainfall, and maximum wind force.
6. There is room for development. The rational planning of the site should be conducive to the comprehensive utilization of agriculture, forestry, animal husbandry, deputy fisheries and fisheries, and also the possibility of expanding the future development of the chicken farm.
2. What are the basic technical requirements for a new broiler house?
Answer: The basic requirements for broiler houses are:
1. Construction area. The construction area of ​​each house should be determined according to the amount of chickens in the design farm. According to the current requirements for full-fed broiler chickens and the development of large-scale breeding, the area should not be too small, which will help improve the production efficiency of each labor force and make it comply with the requirements. Keeping the amount of feeding staff to avoid the waste of labor. For example, the number of broilers per chicken is 2,000 to 3,000. Therefore, the number of chickens accommodated in the house should be consistent with the capacity of the future.
2. Management methods. Choosing the type of building and style of the house should be consistent with capital investment, production process and equipment configuration. At present, most of the domestic use of natural ventilation of open ground leveling or online flat chicken sheds. The floor can be paved with materials, and wood (bamboo) can also be used to cover the floor of the dung. The feeding and drinking equipment should be installed in accordance with the requirements for feeding. The sheds should be partitioned into a breeding area with a net, which is a meat hen house. .
How to build a broiler breeding greenhouse?
A: Chicken sheds are similar in appearance to vegetable sheds. The henhouses usually run from north to south. The span is generally 8-10 meters. On the east, north, and west sides, there is a brick wall enclosure about 15 meters high. The walls are thick and the walls are thick. Install more windows. The south wall of the shed is open and connected by large wooden windows and alcove with equal intervals. The wooden windows are covered with translucent plastic film, which can keep warm and can be ventilated. The top of the house is mostly single-slope type. A flat bracket is formed by a long bamboo pole and thick iron wire, and then one or two plastic films are covered on the bracket, and grass straw or straw is sandwiched as a heat insulation layer. There are a number of niches in the house that support the top of the house. This kind of shed has a lower cost and can use natural light and natural ventilation. The disadvantage is that the insulation and heat insulation capacity is poor. While paying attention to keeping the temperature relatively stable, it is necessary to pay attention to ventilation to prevent excessive concentrations of moisture and harmful gases.
How to build an intensive broiler house?
A: Intensive chicken houses are commonly used in large and medium-sized broiler chicken farms. The building structure of the chicken house is generally a simple, energy-saving, open, naturally ventilated house. The upper half of the north and south sides of the house is an open window, the upper part is a flat roof with a reinforced concrete structure, and there are vent holes with equal spacing on the roof. In terms of technology, the house has a span of 12 meters, a height of 4-4.5 meters, and each room is 3 meters. The length of the house is generally more than 50 meters. This kind of house is mainly a natural ventilation and horizontal ventilation. Due to the large span, ceiling fans are usually installed in the house to match natural ventilation and mechanical ventilation.
V. How to determine the relationship between the amount of broiler rearing and the area of ​​the shed?
A: Broiler chickens are more suitable for high density feeding. The amount of feeding depends on the effective feeding area of ​​the chicken house and the appropriate breeding density. However, in actual production, the size of the rearing amount is restricted by many factors. The first is the number of breeders, followed by the feed supply capacity and the source of the chicks, and then the area of ​​the house. In the case of no problem with the former two, the size of the rearing amount depends on the size of the house. The effective breeding area of ​​a chicken house is determined and the amount of breeding is determined. Suppose that a specialized poultry farmer wants to build a broiler housing 5,000 broiler chickens. According to the calculation of 56 broilers per square meter at 56 days, it needs 500 square meters. When the area for the placement of drinking fountains, drums, and heating equipment is included, an area of ​​10% (ie, 50 square meters) can be added. In the design of the building, in order to facilitate the feeding and management, each house is also equipped with an observation room and a tool and a feed reserve room that are connected together. This will add about 30-50 square meters, that is to say, build a breeding capacity. For a broiler house of 5000 broilers, the required construction area should be 580-600 square meters. If the house has an internal width of 11 meters, building a 54-meter-long house can meet the needs.
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