Legume crops include broad beans, peas, etc., and rapeseed, radish and other autumn-sown crops in the cruciferous family, which are sensitive to phosphate fertilizer and require a large amount. The addition of phosphate fertilizer during autumn sowing can meet the demand for phosphorus in the critical period of phosphorus demand, which is very important for promoting its early maturity, high quality and high yield, especially in the soil with phosphorus deficiency, the yield can be greatly improved. The roots of the phosphorus-producing crops are developed, and the ability to absorb phosphorus is strong. The utilization rate of phosphate fertilizer applied in the season is about 10% higher than that of other crops.
Most of the autumn crops are dry crops, and phosphorus is less effective under dry farming conditions. After entering the winter, the microbial activity in the soil is weak, the phosphorus capacity is small, the rate is slow, and the strength is low. Moreover, under dry farming conditions, the soil moisture tension is large, the transport and diffusion of phosphates are reduced, the displacement of phosphorus is small, and the effectiveness is lower than that of rice under water conditions by 2 to 3 Times. In addition, some dry crops such as wheat crops are originally poorly responded to phosphorus, while large and wheat require more phosphorus during the regreening and tillering stages. Therefore, the sowing season of wheat crops should also emphasize phosphorus application to meet the demand for phosphorus in the critical period.
From the perspective of improving the resistance of autumn-sown crops, after the sowing of autumn-sown crops, under the harsh conditions of less winter rain and low temperature, the crops are susceptible to drought and freezing, and the application of phosphate fertilizer can improve autumn. The hydration and adhesion of the cell protoplasts during the wintering period of the crops reduce the freezing point, thereby improving the cold tolerance and drought tolerance of the crops, and is beneficial to the safe wintering of autumn crops.
In addition, the winter green fertilizer for autumn sowing emphasizes the application of phosphate fertilizer. Not only the legume green manure itself is a phosphorus-producing crop, but the application of phosphate fertilizer can strengthen the photosynthesis of plants, produce more carbohydrates, promote the luxuriance of stems and leaves, accumulate more substances, and can supply the growth and reproduction of rhizobium and enhance its nitrogen fixation. .
Therefore, in the different rotation system, although it is not necessary to apply phosphorus to each season crop, it must be considered to be applied to the cornice that can maximize the effect of phosphate fertilizer, and the autumn sowing crop is the best priority for the application of phosphate fertilizer throughout the year. Mouthwash,
The following points should be noted in the application method: the phosphate fertilizer should be mixed with various organic fertilizers or ammonium bicarbonate. In the autumn sowing, the acupoint application and the strip application are used as the base fertilizer. The general dosage is 20-25 kg per mu, and the application depth is appropriate. It is 6 to 10 cm. At the same time, it can be supplemented with 3 to 5 kg of phosphate fertilizer and 1 times of dry fine soil for seed application. The combination of base fertilizer and seed fertilizer, shallow application and deep application can achieve good fertilization effect.
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