After the apple enters mature stage, the leaf pests and diseases are no longer the focus of prevention and control, and the focus of prevention and control is fruit diseases and pests. The control targets are apple ringworm, anthrax, apple tree rot, peach fruit moth, and big leafhopper. Its main control measures:
First, disease prevention
Apple ringworm disease generally reaches the peak of onset within 30 days of apple fruit ripening or storage; apple anthracnose usually occurs at the late stage of fruit growth. In order to prevent apple from losing fruit after harvest and causing losses, especially late-maturing apple varieties, one fungicide can be sprayed 15-20 days before harvest. The agent can be mixed with 1% methobiotin 400 times solution and 40% Fuxing 8000 times solution or 80% spray gram or Dasheng M-45 WP 1000 times solution. Can also be sprayed with 70% thiophanate-methyl 800 times, 40% carbendazim 600 times, 77% can be killed, 70% mancozeb 600-800 times alternating control.
Second, pest control
1. Scrape the clean garden. Thoroughly clean the leaves, scrape branches and rough skin, promptly remove dead fruits, diseased branches, and diseased leaves on the trees, centrally burn or bury them deeply, and eliminate overwintering bacteria and insect sources. The most common pests of Hawthorn leafhoppers, Tetranychus urticae, Pyrosphaeridae, and leaf roller moth are mostly overwintering in the rough skin, cracks, and cracks of fruit trees. If they can meticulously and thoroughly scrape rough and scaly skin, they can kill 50% to 90% of the total. Overwintering pests.
2. Sand and kill fruit peach moth. In the apple orchard where the pests are heavy, after the fruit is harvested, a layer of 3 cm thick sand is laid on the ground where the apples are piled, and the larvae are deprived of fruit to make oysters. After the apples are removed, the sand and insects are screened and burnt together. .
3. Tie grass to slay and kill overwintering pests. From September to October, hawthorn leafhoppers, cotton brown strip moths, spiny leaf miners and other pests continue to climb through the trees. They can use the hay to screw into the softer grass and straw ropes in the apple trees. The trunk, main branch, and lateral branches are lapped 4-5 times. The big apple trees born in 10-15 years are tied in the middle of the three main branches. The older the tree ages, the more the tying grass parts move upwards. In winter or early spring, the grass handles are burned and destroyed, and most of the pests hidden in the cracks in the bark can be eliminated.
4. In addition to cutting pests and pests, they also need to kill the larvae that have crossed the winter in the apple trunk. 80% of dichlorvos emulsifiable concentrate can also be soaked in cotton plugs or thick mud slurry into the insect crossing, can kill many species of larvae such as Tianni.
5. The trunk is painted white. Take 2.5 kg of lime, 0.5 kg of lime sulfur stock solution, 0.5 kg of salt, 50 g of animal oil, and 9 kg of clear water. When preparing, quicklime and salt are separately heated with hot water, then the two liquids are mixed and stirred thoroughly. Animal oil and lime sulfur are then added. After mixing, white trunks can be brushed to kill the eggs. It is better to apply whitening time twice, the first time after defoliation and before freezing. The second time in the early spring, the main trunk, main branch, and larger secondary branches and lateral branches were protected.
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