Greenhouse vegetables generally start to pull in June. At this time, the shed film is basically intact. After covering the old straw mulch on the summer shed, the shed has stable humidity and weak light. After cleaning the shed, it can produce mushrooms such as straw mushrooms in July and August. This can not only fertilize the soil, improve the soil, reduce the damage caused by heavy boring, but also increase the economic benefits.
Straw mushroom is an edible fungus cultivated in the hot season. It is the fastest harvesting of all edible fungi. It takes only 10 to 14 days from sowing to harvesting. It is easy to master, low in cost, and effective. It is very suitable for summer. Greenhouse cultivation. What should you pay attention to when you cultivate high temperature mushrooms in summer?
First, preparatory work to do enough
First of all, do a good job disinfection mushroom shed. The litter in the shed was cleaned first, and sterilized with 5% lime water or deep white powder. For a closed mushroom shed, seal the air outlet and disinfect it with formaldehyde or potassium permanganate for 7 days. For the poorly-closed mushroom shed, it was sprayed with 5% formaldehyde on the entire ground floor to disinfect it, and then it was put into the shed for a week.
Second, prepare the base material. There are many cultivation materials suitable for the growth of straw mushroom, including cottonseed hull, waste cotton, wheat straw and rice straw. Among them, waste cotton is the best, cotton seed shell is the second, wheat straw and straw are slightly inferior. In recent years, the prices of waste cotton and cottonseed hulls have soared, which has greatly increased the production cost of edible fungi, and farmers can choose raw materials such as wheat stalks according to local conditions. Here's an example of wheat straw to explain how to handle raw materials: to use wheat straw harvested in the same year, without rain, and without deterioration. The whole bales of wheat straw are scattered on the ground and rolled with stone or wheels to make them crushed and softened. Wheat straw thrown by the combine harvester can also be directly used. The crushed wheat straw was soaked overnight with a concentration of 2% lime water. When soaking, the foot was used to force the wheat straw to soften and absorb water, and then the fish was removed for accumulation and fermentation. Remove the soaked wheat straw and stack it into pots. The pot is 1.5 meters high and 1.5 meters wide. The length is not limited. After being piled up, cover the plastic film, heat and moisture to facilitate fermentation. When the wheat straw core temperature rises to about 60°C, it is kept for 24 hours, and then it is turned. The wheat straw is turned into the core to make the wheat straw evenly fermented. When the temperature of the center has risen to 60°C after turning, the fermentation is terminated after 24 hours. The fermentation time is generally about 5 days. During fermentation, the time and temperature of fermentation should be controlled to prevent excessive fermentation, resulting in the proliferation of saprophytic bacteria and consumption of nutrients.
After the fermentation is over, check the quality of the fermented wheat straw. The standard of fermented wheat straw is: The wheat straw has a soft texture, dewaxing on the surface, elasticity in hand, golden yellow, and smell of wheat straw. There is a small amount of white hyphae, the moisture content is about 70%, and a small amount of water droplets can be squeezed out by hand and the pH value is about 9.
Second, choose the right cultivation mode
There are many kinds of cultivation modes for straw mushroom, which are commonly used for three-dimensional cultivation of arch sheds and ditch-type flat cultivation. Farmers can choose different cultivation methods according to different sites.
1. The sheds are planted on the ground: (1) Generally, the boring machine is 1.2 to 1.4 meters wide and 0.2 meters deep, and it is made into a turtle-shaped boring mill. A 10 cm wide sluice ditch is built on both sides and the material is planted; (2) On the 3rd day after sowing, bamboo arches were inserted at intervals of 0.3-0.4 meters. After budding, the plastic film on the material surface was taken out and placed on the arch. The open-air shed should be covered with 2 layers of grasshoppers. . During the germination period, in addition to lifting membrane ventilation, the ditch should be filled with water, one to cool down, and the other to maintain a high water holding rate in the bed base soil. When the temperature exceeds 35°C, weeds should be sprayed many times a day. (3) On the 4th day after inoculation, at the latest no more than 7 days, the mushroom can bud, and then the management should focus on ventilation, cooling, and moisturizing. The plastic film can be peeled off in cloudy or light rain weather and at night. Grasshoppers have good ventilation and sufficient scattered light, and can effectively moisturize, but should pay attention to heavy rain weather can not lift the film, sunny weather, direct sunlight, the shed temperature rises quickly, pay attention to thickening cover and spray water At night, the shed plastic film can be opened about 10 centimeters, filling the gutters with water so that the ventilation can be enhanced while moisturizing and cooling.
2. Ditch type plane cultivation: Level the soil in the greenhouse, dig deep 20 cm, 120 cm wide groove, irrigated with water; after sowing, the material surface is level with the ground, in order to ensure the control of temperature and humidity, above the greenhouse should be set Good shade net or old straw blinds. The greatest advantage of this method is that the ground temperature is low and the soil moisture is relatively high. It can provide suitable temperature environment and moisture conditions for the base material. Especially in terms of water management, it has unique advantages over the previous cultivation methods, but precautions should be taken. Rain drains, otherwise, it is easy to form stagnant water, affect or damage the normal production of straw mushroom.
Three measures to increase production of straw mushroom
Cover soil
Mushrooms can also produce mushrooms normally without covering the soil, but the soil cover is more conducive to moisturizing the culture materials and supply the required water for the growth of the straw mushrooms. It can effectively improve the quality and yield of the straw mushrooms, make the mushroom body hypertrophy, reduce the dead mushroom, and increase the yield by 20%. ~40%. The cover soil material can be used for vegetable garden soil (digging below 8 to 10 cm on the surface), and the thickness of the cover soil is generally 2 cm.
2. Inoculate again
Again inoculation is conducive to straw mushroom production. The mycelial growth rate of straw mushroom is too fast, and it is extremely easy to age, resulting in a weakened viability, and it is not possible to effectively use the nutrients in the cultivation material to continue mushrooming. After the first tidal mushroom is harvested, it is planted on the surface of the oyster mushroom and wetted with lime water. The pH of the cultivating material is adjusted to 8 to 9, and the strain is then spread on the surface of the material. After sowing, it covers a thin layer of fermented Culture material. Can also be in the first and second tidal mushroom harvest, turn the block over, turn the bottom layer of culture material to the surface layer, spray 1% of lime water to replenish water, adjust the pH, and then inoculated on the surface, the inoculum volume is 2% to 3%, generally about 30%.
3. Adjust the pH
After the first tidal mushroom is harvested, supplement some nutrient solution and adjust the pH of the culture material to make it alkaline, which can promote the recovery of hyphae, prolong the period of mushroom harvesting, and increase the mushroom production. There are many methods, but the following two methods can be used: First, spraying 1% to 3% of lime water to the culture materials can not only make up the water but also make the culture materials alkaline. The second is to spray 0.1% of urea and bran water (100 kg of water plus 10 kg of bran, filter after boiling, and take 50 kg of filtrate plus 50 kg of fresh water). Urea concentration of 0.1% to 0.2%, the amount can not be too much, otherwise it is easy to produce bacteria. You can also spray edible fungi special nutrients such as Mushroom ear energy, Mushroom more, Mushroom Baole, Mushroom Mushroom, mushroom power source.
Tablet Veterinary Medicine,Veterinary Ivermectin Tablet,Veterinary Oxytetracycline Tablet,Vet Drug Ivermectin Tablet
Shandong Unovet Pharmaceutical Co.,Ltd. , https://www.unovetcn.com