Winter shear is an important part of fruit tree field management and should not be underestimated. Jin Peisheng, a senior agricultural technician of the Shaanxi Kiwifruit Industry Comprehensive Service Center, believes that no matter what garden you enter, you must find out the cultivated varieties, the strength of the tree, the fertile soil or the poor, and then budget the next year according to the specific situation. , do your heart.
Go to the old and stay new, go weak and stay strong, update the canopy
If the fruit tree does not have a good canopy, it will not be able to produce high yields, so it is necessary to update the canopy every year. In the natural world, the fruit trees go to the old, stay weak and stay strong, and the natural renewal process is quite slow and takes many years. In most cases, old and weak branches should be removed as much as possible, and new, strong, and prosperous branches should be chosen, and they should not be dragged with water.
Jin Peisheng said that when trimming, the first circle cut off the surrounding and exhausted branches and branches. In the second lap, the old weak and sick branches were removed, and the inside of the tree was pressed inward. On the third lap, the weaker and weaker branches and the less dense branches of the buds in the reserved branches are eliminated, and the reserved branches are better.
However, it is important to remember that the amount of staying branches is small. It can't be like the traditional winter pruning branches, leaving 1.5~2 square meters per square meter, ensuring that the entire rack is well-balanced and has no drawbacks.
High branch down, low branch on stage, layout canopy
Although some individual articles are also very prosperous, the growth point is higher than the frame surface, which will result in inconvenience of tying branches, spraying, pollinating, and combing. It also has an effect on the absorption of sunlight on the normal result branches on the shelf, and must be resolutely removed. Drooping branches, lower branches or low-branched branches have an impact on mechanical or human work, and they are also exposed to light, and these branches are also to be removed.
In general, the main branches and hanging branches of the canopy should be compressed into the 50 cm gold area below the frame surface, so that the branches are evenly distributed, the light is sufficient, the ventilation is smooth, and the coloring is fast and good.
If you make an umbrella frame, then the "Golden Triangle" is very important. It should not be too close to the frame, nor too far. If you plan to make a two-vine frame, you need to go to the head 30~40 cm to lay a good foundation for future high production.
Down the tree, the curved tree is gradually corrected, and the crown is restored.
In general, the branches of the year have been consumed too much due to nutrients, lack of functional nutrition, and many times of germination due to fruit hanging. The branches are short and effective with fewer buds, and the actual value of the reserved branches is not used. For the result of the branch group, there are quite a lot of two wires outside the frame, so it should be completely removed.
In addition, some fruit farmers had no experience when they first built the park. The cement rod is buried in the ground anchor, or it is too shallow or the weight is small and weak, and it is not strong and unreasonable. After a few years, the tree enters the high-yield and fruit-bearing period, especially during the second expansion period. The surface bearing capacity is the greatest. If it hits the wind and the wind is strong, the ground anchor is not pulled up or the cement rod is broken from the ground, and the tree body is also full. Pull down, the wooden pull-down tree is cracked, and many fruit farmers can only change the steel wire after waiting for the fruit. At this time, the tree has grown into a curved rod and hunchback. Some people simply do not go to the tree, so they will work on the winter, so that they will affect the product and quality, so they should slowly correct and gradually correct.
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