Black beans are black seeds of legume Soybean Glycinemax (L.)merr. Also known as black beans, black beans, sweet and flat. Black beans have high protein and low calorie properties.
nutrient content
Black beans are rich in nutrients, containing many nutrients such as protein, fat, vitamins, and trace elements. At the same time, they have a variety of biological active substances, such as black bean pigments, black bean polysaccharides, and isoflavones.
1, protein
Black beans have high protein, low calorie properties, protein content of up to 45%, of which high-quality protein is about 1/4 higher than soybeans, ranking first in a variety of beans, and therefore won the "king of beans" reputation . Compared with protein-rich meats, black beans are not only inferior but they are even better. Their protein content is equivalent to twice that of meat (pork and chicken), three times that of eggs, and 12 times that of milk. Therefore, it is also known as "plant protein meat."
2, fatty acids
The study found that each 100 grams of black beans containing crude fat up to 12 grams or more, the test found that it contains at least 19 kinds of fatty acids, and unsaturated fatty acid content was as high as 80%, of which linoleic acid content accounted for about 55.08%. As a type of unsaturated fatty acid, linoleic acid is a very important essential fatty acid in the human body and plays a crucial role in the regulation of cholesterol metabolism. Only when cholesterol is combined with linoleic acid can it be transported in the body for normal metabolism. When linoleic acid is deficient, cholesterol will bind to saturated fatty acids and deposit in the body, leading to the occurrence of arteriosclerosis. Therefore, linoleic acid has a reputation as a “vascular scavengerâ€.
3, black beans ash
Ash is one of the six major nutrients in food. The various inorganic salts the human body needs are all derived from the ash content of the food. Therefore, the amount of ash content can reflect the nutritional value of food from one aspect. The composition and content of ash in different foods differ greatly, so ash is an indicator of the total amount of inorganic ingredients in foods. The ash content of black beans was 4.47%, which was significantly higher than other beans. Further analysis of the black ash components, can find a variety of minerals and trace elements, such as zinc, copper, magnesium, molybdenum, selenium, phosphorus, etc., and the content is relatively high.
4, vitamins
The importance of vitamins to human health, it is estimated that we can say some, and literally can guess the meaning of this word, vitamins - the element of life. Black beans are rich in vitamins, especially vitamin E contains up to 17.36 micrograms per hectogram of black beans. Vitamin E is a fat-soluble vitamin and one of the most important antioxidants. It plays an important role in antioxidant protection of the body's cells against free radicals.
5, isoflavones
Isoflavones are one of the flavonoids, mainly found in leguminous plants, and are often referred to as soy isoflavones. Because they are extracted from plants, they are structurally similar to female estrogens, so isoflavones have Phytoestrogens," said. Earlier studies have confirmed that soy isoflavone content is extremely rich, but recent experiments have found that black soybeans contain more isoflavones than soybeans.
6, saponins
Saponin is a complex compound that exists in plant cells. It is also a plant active ingredient with important medicinal properties. Black soybean saponins have a protective effect on DNA damage of genetic material. In terms of scavenging reactive oxygen species, saponins also have a good effect. The mechanism may be that saponins terminate the chain reactions of free radicals, inhibit the peroxidation of polyunsaturated fatty acids on biofilms, scavenge lipid peroxidation products, and stabilize cell membranes. Suppresses the abnormal increase of calcium ion levels in the cell membrane system, ultimately achieving the role of protecting the integrity of the biofilm and subcellular structures.
7, polysaccharides
Black bean polysaccharide is one of the heroes that remove free radicals from the human body. The study found that black soybean polysaccharides belong to non-reducing, non-starch polysaccharides and have a significant role in the removal of free radicals in the human body, especially for the removal of superoxide anion radicals. In addition, studies have also found that the polysaccharide components in black beans can also promote the growth of bone marrow tissue and have the effect of stimulating the regeneration of hematopoietic function.
8, black bean pigment
Black bean pigment is one of the important bioactive substances of black beans. The natural pigment extracted from black soybean hull as raw material is called "black bean red pigment", or "black bean red" for short. Black soybean red pigment can reduce the content of malondialdehyde (MDA) in the end product of lipid peroxidation, and increase the superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT) and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-) at the same time. The content of Px) means that black soybean red pigment has a significant antioxidant effect.