Spider silk self-assembling in insect cells

Spiders can make webs of spider silk made in the body to make a living. Recently, researchers from Jerusalem and Germany successfully manufactured self-assembled spider silk under laboratory conditions. This is the first time that spider silk has been produced outside the spider body. The analysis showed that the fiber was significantly thicker than silk. The researchers published the results on Current Biology on November 23, 2004. Silk has been used by humans for thousands of years, but the territory of spider silk is only in nature and therefore has not become the subject of domestication and commercialization. Researchers have been trying to produce spider webs by genetic methods without relying on the spiders themselves. Although they did a lot of attempts, they failed to produce fibers with the same characteristics as natural spider silk. Now, the Israeli-German research team has used genetic engineering methods to create spider web fibers in cultivated insect cells. These fibers have the same chemical resistance characteristics as natural spider silk. In the near future, this mass-produced fiber will likely be used in various fields of industry. In the experiment, the researchers first introduced genes encoding two kinds of spider dragline proteins into an insect-infecting virus (baculovirus), and then let this transgenic virus be used for cell culture of fall armyworm in autumn. Growth in the liquid. After the transgenic virus infects insect cells, these cells begin to make proteins and form natural forms of "spider" fibers. However, unlike spider silk, this laboratory-made fiber consists only of the ADF-4 protein, and the ADF-3 protein is dissolved. These fibers have the same diameter as real spider silks and are chemically tolerant to natural spider silk and even superior to natural silk. Researchers now hope to create experimental conditions that produce a large number of spider silks that are not limited to insect cells. This study enabled us to determine the close relationship between the sequence, structure and function of these spider silk proteins. The study also opens the way for the commercial development of spider silks in large quantities.

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