The longer the sow is lying in the early stages of labor and lactation, the greater the risk of shoulder injury is discovered by Swedish researchers. They concluded that preventing sows from lying on their side for a long time helps to improve their welfare.
E. Rolandsdotter of the Swedish Agricultural University and colleagues published an article in the Acta Veterinaria Scandinavica reporting their studies on shoulder injuries and sow behavior.
The cause of shoulder injury is the prolonged compression of the skin and/or subcutaneous tissue that causes tissue damage, the researchers explained. This type of damage is common in sows during lactation and is a manifestation of the poor level of animal welfare. At the same time, this phenomenon also affects the attitude of consumers to the pig industry.
The purpose of their study was to investigate the relationship between long-term lying and shoulder injuries in sows, especially the duration of a lateral recumbency.
The test subjects were 18 Swedish Landrace sows that were delivered in May 2009 and were observed for 24 hours on the day of delivery and 2, 4, 9, and 11 days after childbirth.
The longest uninterrupted lateral recumbency of sows and data of shoulder injury at weaning (5 weeks) were analyzed.
Of the 18 sows studied, 8 had observed shoulder injury at weaning. The total time for sows' lateral recumbency was the longest on the 0th and the 2nd day, and the side reclining time accounted for 80% of the 24 hours.
The average longest uninterrupted lateral rest period on the right and left sides was 6.3 hours and 7.2 hours, respectively.
The study found that there was a significant correlation between the maximum uninterrupted recumbency time and the right shoulder injury observed in sows with good body condition and a small number of straws placed in the field during delivery (Spearman rank coefficient = 0.88; P
This shows that avoiding long sows on the side of the sow helps prevent shoulder injury.
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