1. Onset symptoms: Walnut anthrax not only damages the fruit, but also leaves, buds and young shoots. It often causes the fruit to turn black and rot and falls off early. The nucleolus are dry. Symptoms of fruit damage caused by anthrax usually appear after July 20th each year. The affected fruit will have brown to dark brown, round or near-circular lesions on the pericarp of the victim's skin. The central depression will produce black dots in the diseased part, sometimes in a circular arrangement. When the humidity is high, the lesions appear pink. When the disease is heavy, there are often multiple lesions on a diseased fruit. When the diseased lesion expands, the whole fruit turns black and decays, and reaches the endocarp, resulting in no food value for the nucleolus. When the disease is mild, the outer skin of the core or shell becomes black, resulting in a decrease in oil yield and nucleolus production. After the leaves were infected, the lesions were irregular. Some of them were yellowed along the edge of the leaf margin. Some were yellowish on both sides of the main vein. When the leaves were severe, the yellow leaves fell off. After the buds and young shoots of the seedlings and saplings are infested, they often wither from the top and the leaves are burnt off.
The onset and severity of anthracnose in walnut are closely related to temperature and humidity. Rainwater is early and abundant, humidity is high, and onset is early and heavy. Plant spacing is small, the park is poor in air and light, and the disease is heavy. Early solid shell walnuts are susceptible to disease, and late real walnut disease, such as Xiangling disease resistance is worse.
2. Measures for prevention and control: Strengthen management, rational fertilization, pay attention to increase organic fertilizer, biological bacterial fertilizer, strengthen summer work, improve ventilation and light conditions in the park, in order to control the occurrence of diseases. In July, we must promptly remove the disease and spray 20% tebuconazole 2000 times, 80% mancozeb 800 times 2 or 3 times.
For severely diseased walnut gardens, 2% Ningnanmycin 500 times and 10% Difenoconazole 3000 times can be sprayed alternately. Generally, 300 times of copper acetate is sprayed before the germination of walnuts, and 2% of ningnanmycin 500 times or 10% of difenoconazole 3000 times is sprayed before the onset of flowering, and the control effect is good. To combine prevention and treatment of other diseases, to ensure that the use of walnut gardens 4 to 5 times a year, walnut anthrax rarely occur.
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