Planting skills: efficient cultivation of radish requires only four key technologies
Radish is one of the common vegetables with medicinal health effects. The market demand is large, so the planting benefits are considerable. However, since farmers are basically planted according to past experience, the yield of radish is low and the quality is poor. In fact, if you want to master the high-efficiency cultivation technology of radish and improve economic benefits, you only need to master the following four points.
1. Selecting planting varieties based on market demand
According to the market demand and the season of radish cultivation, the varieties to be planted are selected. In the spring, radish is preferred for varieties that are resistant to low temperature and difficult to twitch, while those that are cultivated in summer are preferred for heat resistance. Judging from the current market demand, duck-shaped round radish and cylindrical long radish are more popular among consumers.
The round radish has a short growing season, a fast growing rhizome, a stable yield, a light spicy taste, a crisp mouthfeel, and a raw and cooked food. Cylindrical long radish has the characteristics of moderate growth period, good low temperature resistance, low convulsion and high yield, high water content, no spicy, raw food and crispy cooked sweet taste. The representative variety of long radish is Bai Yuchun.
2, greenhouse cultivation of radish anti-season listing to increase income
In the coastal areas, the cultivation time of traditional radishes is all planted in summer, and the frost is harvested and listed. The natural conditions during this period are most suitable for the growth and development of radish. However, due to the large area of ​​radish planted this season, the output is concentrated and the supply is too high, so the income of farmers is low. If you use greenhouse cultivation techniques, radishes sowed in spring, summer and late autumn, when the market produces less radish, the supply is less than demand, so the price is high, and the farmers get better planting benefits. They are listed before the National Day and after the middle and late November. The price of radish is 5-10 times that of conventional traditional radish.
According to the production practice, the spring sheds and small sheds were used to cover the cultivation of round radishes. The average yield of 667 m2 was 1678 kg, which was 3104 yuan. The price of long radish cultivated in spring greenhouses and sheds is 667 m2, and the yield of 4,468 kg is 5,630 yuan. In the summer, the round radish cultivated with the shade net is listed in the middle and late September, and the benefit of 667 m2 is more than three or four thousand yuan. Therefore, the use of greenhouse cultivation technology is an effective means to achieve the anti-season listing of radish and improve planting efficiency.
In the spring, the radish is cultivated to ensure the increase in yield and income, and to avoid the early convulsion of the radish due to the low temperature effect. In summer, radish should be treated to avoid direct sunlight. Therefore, it can be covered with a shade net, or it can be shaded and cooled to create a cool growth condition for the anti-season radish cultivation.
3, according to the reasonable arrangement of planting time
Radish seeds can be germinated at a temperature of 2 ~ 3 ° C, the optimum temperature is 20 ~ 25 ° C, the leaves grow at a suitable temperature of 15 ~ 20 ° C, the fleshy roots grow at a suitable temperature of 18 ~ 20 ° C, at 0 ~ 20 ° C conditions Radish can pass the vernalization stage, especially in the vernalization stage below 5 °C, the fastest and most convulsive. The growth above 30 °C is affected, and the accumulation of increased consumption of respiration increases. Therefore, efficient cultivation of radish must be based on the characteristics of different sputum and cultivation season, and the planting time should be reasonably arranged. Especially, it is important to plant radish in the spring.
If the sowing is too early, it is easy to convulse in advance through the vernalization stage after sowing. If the planting is too late, the morning market cannot be mentioned, thus affecting economic benefits. Therefore, according to different sowing dates of radish, the greenhouse area is generally cultivated in greenhouses with small greenhouses. The sowing period is suitable for mid-February, and it can be harvested in April or mid-May. Summer and autumn cultivation of radish using shade nets should be as early as possible so as to ensure that the harvest is listed before the National Day, and the planting area in the summer season should not be too large, resulting in too concentrated radish in the market and affecting the benefits.
Late autumn radish should be planted in mid-September in September, and strive to be harvested in the middle and late November. If the facility is cultivated, it can be postponed until the end of September and early October, and strive to be listed around the beginning of December. By adjusting the sowing time, the economic benefits of anti-season cultivation of radish can be maximized.
4. Scientifically control diseases and produce green vegetables
The main pests that are affected during the growth of radish are root mites, yellow-curved beetles, crickets and crickets. These insect pests make the radish skin rough and the appearance quality decline, thus reducing the commodity rate. To this end, we will strengthen the prevention and control of underground pests, actively apply agricultural and control measures such as water and drought rotation, and conduct chemical control on the underlying drugs.
Control method: 5kg of 3% phoxim granules per 667m2 before planting, and then cultivating the soil table, then cultivating with medicinal seeds and suffocating for 3 days. After suffocating, dry and then sown. Adults of the yellow-striped scorpion scorpion migrated from 7:00 to 8:00 am and from 5:00 pm to 6:00 pm, spraying 2.5% of deltamethrin emulsifiable concentrate 1500 times, and 667 m2 of radish radish was used for 1% thiophene 3-6 kg of muscarin granules, mixed with fine soil 15-20 kg to make toxic soil, apply underground pests along the radish roots, and control the pests such as beet armyworm and other pests during the growth of summer and autumn radishes, and minimize pests. The loss brought.
Therefore, the selection of radish, the use of greenhouse cultivation techniques staggered the time to market, the use of the principle of rare and expensive to obtain good benefits, while rationally arranging planting time to do pest and disease prevention work, in order to maximize the benefits of planting radish .
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