Nature: New biomarkers found in the University of Frankfurt for the treatment of cancer
Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is a general term for a heterogeneous disease with a large number of genetic abnormalities. Because only the treatment of patients with this disease cannot be predicted, even some patients will respond to chemotherapy, but all The patient will routinely perform this treatment.
Researchers from the University of Frankfurt recently published the latest results, discovering a new biomarker that can detect which patients will have an effective effect with high precision, and which patients will not, which is currently not effective treatment. The patient brings new hope. The research was published in the January 9 issue of Nature Medicine.
The anticancer drug cytarabine is a chemotherapeutic drug. It was discovered in the 1950s. It is mainly used to treat acute leukemia and digestive tract cancer, and is also effective against herpes simplex conjunctivitis. This drug can interfere with DNA synthesis by inhibiting DNA polymerase. Specifically, cytarabine is activated by the addition of a phosphate group to cancer cells, thereby exerting its anticancer effect.
Professor Jindrich Cinatl of the University of Frankfurt and others collected cytarabine-resistant AML cells from the anti-tumor cell line (RCCL) and found that the toxicity of cytarabine to AML cells is related to the expression of the cellular enzyme SAMHD1. Can predict the sensitivity of AML cells to cytarabine.
According to this preliminary finding, Professor Cinatl et al. pointed out that SAMHD1 can remove the phosphate residue of the active form of cytarabine, thereby reversing it into an inactivated state. The researchers, in collaboration with a number of clinicians, have further discovered that SAMHD1 levels in leukemia cells can also be used to accurately predict AML patients' response to cytarabine-based chemotherapy.
The researchers believe that the introduction of SAMHD1 as a clinical biomarker can guide cytarabine-based chemotherapy and find out which patients have a positive response to this treatment. In addition, the researchers also found that inhibition of SAMHD1 can effectively increase the sensitivity of cytarabine-resistant AML cells to cytarabine-based chemotherapy, which will also bring new hope to more patients because they currently have no other Effective treatment.
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