Garlic pest control measures and garlic planting management techniques
Garlic is a semi-annual herb with strong garlic and spicy flavor. It is edible and more used for seasoning. It can also be used as medicine. Garlic has been planted for thousands of years and has anti-cancer effects, which are deeply loved by consumers. So how to increase the yield of garlic? Let's take a look at the garlic cultivation management technology.
1. Intensive cultivation, applying enough base fertilizer.
According to the growth and distribution characteristics of garlic roots and the absorption capacity, it is required to deep-plow and fine soil preparation. After the pre-harvest, the base fertilizer should be applied in time. Each seedling is applied with 5000-7500kg of organic fertilizer, 20-30kg of garlic special compound fertilizer, 10-15kg of urea, 15-30kg of phosphate fertilizer and 20-40kg of potassium fertilizer. Spread evenly, and then immediately cultivate the land, turn the soil deep 20-30cm, finely plow the fine hoe 2-3 times, so that the fertilizer and the plough layer soil are fully mixed, so that the ground level is well-fertilized. Before planting, the soil is smashed. Generally, the width of the glutinous rice is 1.7m, the length is 8-10m, and the distance between the ridges is 20-30cm.
2, suitable sowing, reasonable close planting
(1) Sowing at the right time. The sowing period should be appropriate in advance, ahead of mid-August to early September, so that it can meet the appropriate temperature (16-20 °C) required for seed germination and reach 5-7 leaves before the wintering period. Wintering.
(2) Reasonable close planting. Reasonable close planting is a key measure for high quality and high yield of garlic. The suitable density for cultivation should be 30,000 to 40,000 plants per acre, the plant spacing is 6-8 cm, the row spacing is 20 cm, and the seed amount per acre should be 150-200 kg, which is slightly lower than the original seed amount. In addition, the garlic petals should be sowed, and the small garlic petals should be sowed.
(3) Seeding method
Seeding has two methods of ditching on-demand and punching on-demand. The trenching method is to open a shallow trench of 5-6 cm deep from the side of the crucible with a line spacing of 20 cm, and arrange the garlic in a uniform manner with a plant spacing of 6-8 cm in the ditch, and cover the soil after sowing. After the whole raft is finished, the soil will be flattened. The punching method is to plant the holes with garlic according to the planned plant spacing. The garlic tooth is about 10cm long, the pitch is the plant spacing, and the hole depth is 6-7cm when sowing. The hole diameter can be smoothly broadcast into the seed flap. After the seeding, the hole can be filled with soil.
3. Strengthen field management.
It is the main link to obtain high quality and high yield of garlic by completing the economic and effective management measures in the field on time and in good quality.
(1) Management of germination period. Garlic can be emerged 10 to 20 days after sowing, and the soil should be kept moist at this time, which is conducive to quick and uniform emergence. However, it should not be too wet, otherwise it will easily cause stagnation, rotten roots, rotten mothers, lack of seedlings and ridges, and the seedlings are thin and weak, and the topsoil is knotted, which is not conducive to emergence. When accumulating water, it is necessary to promptly clear the ditch system and drain the water.
(2) Seedling management. After the garlic is in the seedlings, the water should be controlled to promote the roots, not to dry or to pour, and to pour the soil after pouring. Appropriate seedlings before wintering, combined with ploughing and weeding in time to prevent grass shortage, in order to make seedlings grow stronger, improve cold resistance. On the basis of applying base fertilizer, it is necessary to look at seedlings and soil forces, and timely trace nitrogen and potassium fertilizer 1-2 times, for the first time in Qi Miao After the application of "lifting seedlings", 10-20 kg of ammonium carbonate per acre is poured into the water, and it should be shallow after pouring. The second time, before the winter, the application of wax fertilizer, about 2000 kg per mu of farmer's fertilizer.
(3) Flower bud and bud bud differentiation garlic moss elongation management. After rotten mother, garlic began to live independently. At this time, flower buds and buds began to differentiate, and the vegetative growth was strong, and all the leaves grew. The cultivation goal of this period is to promote seedlings, moxibustion and remediation of large fat water. In case of rain, it should pay attention to the drainage and shallow soil, and adjust the water to promote the growth of garlic and garlic. 5-7 days before the rotten mother, apply a fertiliser fertilizer, apply 15-20 kg of urea per acre, 15-20 kg of potassium fertilizer, or 15-20 kg of special fertilizer for garlic. Watering after topdressing to facilitate soil absorption.
(4) Management of the expansion period of garlic. The period of expansion of garlic is a key period for capturing the high quality, high yield and high efficiency of garlic. In this period, the moss should be collected in time, and the leaves should be damaged as little as possible. Further strengthen the management of fertilizer and water, depending on the seedling condition and the ground force, when pouring the head water, the amount Purchasing 1 quick-acting fertilizer, 5kg of urea per acre.
(5) Harvesting garlic at the right time: The harvest at the right time is the last step to improve the yield and quality of garlic. The harvest is too early, the garlic is tender and the water is high, the tissue is not full, not full, dry and easy to dry, low yield, poor quality, harvest too late, garlic skin black, scattered petals and garlic increase, commercial decline.
4. Strengthen the prevention and control of garlic pests and diseases.
(1) Grass damage prevention
Based on agricultural control, chemical control is a key strategy and comprehensive application. The agricultural control method adopts measures such as deep-turning land preparation, cultivating and weeding, and rotation for rotation. Chemical control method: Before planting garlic, the grass is protected with 48% fluroxypyr 200-250 ml, or 33% weeding with 200-250 ml, and evenly sprayed with 40-60 liters of water. Or in the 2-4 leaf stage of grass, use 5% grass emulsifiable concentrate 50-70 ml per acre, spray 30 liters with water. The control of broadleaf is 50-100 grams per 50 acres of garlic before germination, 30-40 liters of water, or 50% of 24% fruit, or 37% of cisplatin 170 ml, water 50 - 60 liters of spray. The herbicide is required to moisten the soil, which is beneficial to the germination of the grass seed, in order to exert the herbicidal effect of the herbicide.
(2) Garlic virus disease prevention and treatment methods
a. Agricultural control. Detoxification of garlic is widely used. Eliminate the transmission media such as aphids and thrips during the growth of garlic plants and during storage. Do not plant other allium crops around the garlic field, such as green onions, shallots, and leeks. Implement a 3-4 year rotation to avoid continuous cropping with other allium crops. From the seedling stage, the diseased plants are promptly removed to reduce the spread of the disease.
b, chemical control. In the initial stage of the disease, use 1.5% of the phytoleptic emulsifiable concentrate 1000 times solution, or 20% of the virus A WP 500-1000 times solution, or 83 times the antagonist 100 times solution, spray once every 10 days, continuously spray 2 - 3 times.
(3) Control method of garlic verticillium
a. Agricultural control. The disease is a soil-borne disease. The growers should implement a 3-4 year rotation. In order to avoid continuous cropping with other allium crops, the soil moisture content should be controlled. When the soil moisture content is too high and the disease is easy to occur, attention should be paid to flood control. Remove the diseased plants in time, reduce the accumulation of pathogenic bacteria in the soil, and do not compost the diseased bodies.
b, chemical control. Before planting, use 70% pentachloronitrobenzene powder 8-9 g/m2 or thiram double 1-2 g/m2 to carry out soil disinfection. In the early stage of the disease, dilute 500-800 times with 65% diclofenac. Spray or irrigate the liquid.
The above is the high-yield cultivation management technology of garlic. Only the economic and effective management measures in the field can be completed on time and in good quality and quality to obtain high quality and high yield of garlic.
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PTZ: In the security monitoring application, it is the abbreviation of Pan/Tilt/Zoom, representing the pan tilt omnidirectional (up and down, left and right) movement, lens zoom and zoom control.
PTZ: In the security monitoring application, it is the abbreviation of Pan/Tilt/Zoom, representing the pan tilt omnidirectional (up and down, left and right) movement, lens zoom and zoom control.Automatic tracking is divided into three types: one is through embedded video encoder, also known as intelligent visual server; the other is PC software; the other is to directly write the tracking algorithm to DSP chip, and then design the DSP chip as a hardware circuit on the high-speed ball motherboard, and the high-speed ball is directly read. Among the three types, the third type is used most in the current market.
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