Affected by continuous heavy rain, many rice fields in this year suffered from waterlogging disasters, the roots of rice plants were damaged, and even dead seedlings appeared. Corresponding measures should be taken to remedy them.
The number of black roots and yellow roots increased sharply in the roots of early rice after being affected. It has been observed that the ratio of black roots and yellow roots is more than 90% after 5-6 days of hybrid early rice transplanting; the root ratio is over 90% after 10 days of picking, and some roots die. After the sputum, the leaves, tillers, main stems and tillers of the early rice will be successively rotted. The first to rot is the leaves submerged in the water, and the flooded heart leaves will also appear to be rotted, and then the tillers, main stems and tillers are successively successive. The rot is causing a large number of defects, and the total number of early rice seedlings is significantly reduced. After the disaster, the early rice leaves will become smaller, the plant height will decrease, and the dry matter accumulation will be significantly affected. What is more noteworthy is that after the larvae of early rice, after a few days of leeches, the high tillers increased, and the surviving early rice plants grew tillering with the heart leaves, and some even grew tillers on the elongated stem nodes; After the early rice growth period is postponed, the heading period is lengthened, and the more the number of days of beekeeping, the more obvious the growth period is delayed. It has been observed that the field that has been inundated for 3~5 days and nights is delayed by 1~2 days in the heading stage and maturity stage, and it is submerged for 7 days and nights. The heading stage and maturity period are postponed for 2~3 days, and the seriousness can reach more than 5 days. Due to the insufficient number of spikes in the flooded early rice, the tillering position was higher after the disaster, the ear shape became smaller, the 1000-grain weight decreased, the yield per mu decreased, and the serious yield loss reached 80%. In view of the situation of early rice flooding this year, the following points should be grasped in management:
First, drain the water quickly, so that the seedlings are exposed to the water as soon as possible, and minimize the flooding time. Combined with the drainage open field, in order to prevent the floating of the seedlings, if the drainage meets the sun weather, the temperature should be slowed down when the temperature is high. Tanaka moderately retains shallow water layers to prevent the emergence of dead and dead seedlings. After the water is returned, the seedlings are cut and the rotten leaves and yellow leaves are removed.
The second is to timely control the water. After the paddy water has receded, the field water is still saturated. Drainage should be ditched, so that the water in the field soil seeps into the ditch, and the water content in the field is reduced as soon as possible, so that the floating mud formed by flooding is gradually solidified to promote the growth of new roots. Adhere to the dry and wet irrigation method, not only to ensure the water needs of rice plants, but also to ensure soil ventilation, and promote the number of roots in the upper node and the vitality. In the case of low temperature at the heading stage, deep water should be used to fill the deep stage of the graining, and care should be taken to avoid premature water loss.
The third is to increase the application of quick-acting fertilizer. Most of the early rice this year is affected by the tillering period. The method of using one chase and one supplement can be applied. The fertilization is mainly based on nitrogen fertilizer, combined with phosphorus and potassium fertilizer. After 3 days of drainage, urea and potassium chloride are applied for 5 to 6 kg per mu. After mixing and spreading, it is best to use foliar spraying with 0.3% potassium dihydrogen phosphate for 1~2 times to meet the needs of rice for nutrients, improve the photosynthetic efficiency of the leaves, and restore the growth of the seedlings as soon as possible, and fertilize the early rice with serious damage. The amount should be more appropriate. In order to promote the growth of panicle type, it is necessary to pay attention to the application of flower-promoting fertilizer. 4~6 kg of urea per acre. When the earing is 20%, 0.75~1g of "920" per acre is used to promote the heading.
The fourth is to control pests and diseases. The early rice after the leeches is likely to cause the occurrence and prevalence of bacterial diseases such as bacterial stripe disease and bacterial blight. It is necessary to adhere to reasonable tube fertilizer and tube water, and strive to separate and divide the water to prevent cross-irrigation and to achieve shallow water irrigation. . The leaves and pupa born after the flooded rice resumed growth were more tender green, and were easily damaged by rice leaf roller. The delay in growth and development increases the chance of invasion of rice planthopper and stem borer. Therefore, it is necessary to grasp the timely prevention and control of insects and pay attention to the prevention and control of late rice blast.
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