Chicken manure nutrition and fermentation
According to the research, about 100 grams of fresh feces are eaten per day. In 1990, there were about 2.3 billion chickens in the country, Sichuan had more than 400 million chickens, and Wenjiang County had 1.1 million chickens per year. The annual output of fresh chicken manure is about 84 billion kilograms, Sichuan Province is 14.6 billion kilograms, and Wenjiang County is 40.15 million kilograms. The dry matter in fresh chicken manure accounts for about 59.04%, the equivalent of dry chicken manure is about 50 billion kilograms in the country, Sichuan is about 8.62 billion kilograms, and Wenjiang County is about 24 million kilograms. According to the nutrient content of its dry matter (about 15%), the total volume of grain concentrates is 7.5 billion kilograms in China, 1.3 billion kilograms in Sichuan Province and 3.65 million kilograms in Wenjiang County. The treatment of chicken manure has become an important production area for chicken farms.
If chicken manure is not properly handled and used, it will become a major source of pollution, causing serious pollution to public health and the environment, especially to the pollution of water resources. The second is as an important source of infection for chicken diseases.
The use of chicken manure as a regenerative feed: Advantages Because the chicken has no teeth, can not chew, lack of saliva starch, its feed in the mouth is slightly wetted by saliva into the esophagus, then enters the sac through the glandular stomach, muscle stomach, and finally into the intestine Road. Then rely on the peristalsis of the intestinal wall to digest and absorb the nutrients. However, because the chicken's intestinal tract is relatively short and the food stays in the intestine for a short period of time, it can only absorb about 30% of the nutrients in the food, and most of it is excreted through the rectum. Therefore, the protein, fat, carbohydrate and calcium, phosphorus and other nutrients in the chicken manure are very rich, and the content varies with the feed type and feeding conditions. In general, the total amount of energy per gram of chicken manure is 3.2 to 4.5 calories and the content is 30 to 70 milligrams. It was determined that the crude protein content in broiler chickens and laying chickens was 13.4% to 19.2% and 4.83% to 5.12%, respectively. Each kg of dried chicken manure contains 5.4 g of lysine, 1.8 g of cystine, and 5.3 g of threonine, and is rich in B vitamins, especially B12 (Huang Heqing et al. 1986). According to analysis by other scholars, the main nutrients (%) in dried chicken manure are: moisture 11.40, crude protein 28.70, uric acid 6.30, total amino acid 8.60, crude fat 2.35, crude fiber 13.34, and ash 26.50. Calcium 7.80, Phosphorus 2.20, Chlorine 0.93, Sodium 0.42, Potassium 1.37, Iron 0.20, Magnesium 0.63, Metabolic energy 1100 kcal/kg. Experimental studies have shown that each 100 kg of dried chicken manure corresponds to 15 kg of wheat flour concentrate (Yang Junrui et al., 1991).
Chicken manure as a farm fertilizer: higher fertilizer efficiency than pig manure and cow dung. Each ton of chicken manure contains 11.35 kg of nitrogen, 10.44 kg of phosphorus (P2O5), and 5.45 kg of potassium (K2O).
With the development of animal husbandry, foreign countries have treated chicken manure as a commodity feed for sale, and Japan has reported a patent on pig manure deodorization to feed pigs. Israel has widely used chicken manure to feed cattle, and Germany and the US generally use 20-30. % Chicken manure Fermented feed, with other feed ingredients to feed cattle and sheep, Japan's annual feed use is 20% of chicken manure, Canada consumes 10,000 tons of chicken manure every year as feed, China started late in this regard, I The company's terminal promotion and application of fermented chicken manure by Yilongda compound micro-ecological agents independently researched and developed by special scientific research personnel has been used for many years, and can be used in swine feed up to 30%, and has achieved good economic benefits.
Because fresh chicken manure has a high moisture content and bad odor, it contains a large number of eggs and impurities, and the fresh chicken manure that has been treated is very low in direct use and has many drawbacks. Taking chicken manure from broiler chickens as an example, feed directly to pigs and chickens, the digestible protein is only about 8.5%, and the rest of the protein cannot be used. Of course, if chickens are directly fed to ruminants, the digestibility will be much higher because the microorganisms in the rumen of cows and cattle can use the organic matter in chicken manure as the main energy source and convert non-protein nitrogen into available bacterial proteins. Therefore, our method of fermenting micropropagation preparations of Lunda is actually a method similar to ruminal fermentation to increase the utilization of non-protein nitrogen. After fermentation, the availability of protein can be more than doubled to 17% of the available protein content.
Billion Ronda composite micro-ecological preparation "Livestock and poultry" fermentation method:Ingredients: 60% of fresh chicken manure (not available for diseased chicken manure), straw powder or rice bran, wheat bran 40% blended into a mixture; mixture 500: livestock and poultry 1: brown sugar 1: water 30~35 % (Depending on dry humidity increase or decrease the amount of water) mixed production. The specific amount of water used, the humidity in order to squeeze into a group to see the water does not drip, one touch is appropriate
Fermentation method:
(1) Anaerobic fermentation
Fermentation vessels can be semi-underground cement pools, ceramic vessels, or semi-underground earthen pits (but with a plastic cloth first) or plastic bags. In all cases, they must be tightly sealed and airtight. Into the water.
Operation mode: The mixture is uniformly and uniformly mixed. The raw materials should be installed 30 to 40 cm above the container mouth, cover the plastic film, and then cover 20 to 30 cm of fine soil, beating tightly to prevent ventilation.
(2) Open container feeding
After the container is sealed, it can be fermented successfully for about 3 to 10 days in the summer and about 15 days in the winter. When it is fed, the dirt and the surface contamination are removed, and the layers are fed from top to bottom. After the feed is used, the pit should be sealed to prevent air and falling into the sand.
(3) Precautions
A. Dilutions of livestock and poultry should be diluted with ordinary brown sugar equal to that of livestock and poultry.
B. The fermented feed of livestock and poultry has distilleries. Most livestock can normally feed without domestication, but few livestock prefer to eat after a few days.
Fermented Chicken Manure Usage:
1. The effect of chicken manure on pigs: chicken manure after fermentation by the compound micro-ecological preparation of Lunda can be directly used to feed pigs or formulated feed to feed pigs, piglets can account for 10% of the feed, medium pigs account for 20 %, big pigs account for 30%, and the largest amount can account for 50% of concentrates. After the pigs are mixed, they are generally suitable for feeding pigs at 20% of the concentrate. Its weight gain and meat production are equivalent to normal feeding. The protein content of meat is high, and the fat ratio is lower than that of conventionally raised pork. Test data: Fresh chicken manure was mixed with the appropriate amount of microbial bacteria to ferment. After the fermentation, pigs were directly fed to the pig feed at a ratio of 50%. The use of chicken manure to raise a fat pig, using only 120 kg concentrate feed, but fed with conventional compound feed, a pig need about 375 kg of concentrate feed. The use of chicken manure to raise a pig 255 kilograms of grain, according to the kilogram price of 1 yuan, can save more than 0.75 kilograms of feed costs, while the cost of only 1.7 yuan. More than 200 heads of fattening pigs can increase income by more than 40,000 yuan a year.
2. Effect of chicken droppings on chickens: After adding 10% of fermented dried chicken droppings to the feed, the chickens raised well, the egg production rate was increased by 20%, and the growth weights of growing chickens and adult chickens before the start of production were increased by 4 to 5 %.
3. Effect of chicken manure on cattle: According to the data, chicken manure produced in 105 broilers or 45 laying hens can meet 63-75% of the daily crude protein requirement of a beef cattle. Chicken manure can also provide 30 to female cows. 90% of protein requirement. However, chicken manure contains low energy, plus energy feed, to meet the nutritional needs of beef cattle and female dairy cows. The general amount can account for 15 to 20% of the concentrate fed to beef or cows, but it can also be used to feed rabbits.
4. Effect of chicken manure on fish: Made into pellet feed, 40% of chicken manure, 10% of pig manure, 12% of corn, 20% of rapeseed cake, 10% of rice bran, 6% of leg surface, 1% of shell powder, salt 1 %, processed into pelleted feed fish, the effect is very good. Shanghai Nanhui Aquaculture Farm added 20% of chicken manure to fish feed, and the protein was as high as 32.6%. The total amount of 17 amino acids remained at 30.2%, and the profit per float was 1145.70 yuan (RMB). good results. The method is: first ferment chicken manure and pig manure, dried, crushed, then add other feed ingredients, mix well, the lower surface is a binder, made into pellet feed, so that the net income per acre of water increased by more than 700 yuan ( RMB).
At present, countries in Southeast Asia have implemented three integrated feeding methods for chickens, pigs and fish. The chicken cage was built on the pig sty. The sty was built near the fish pond. Five chickens provided one pig and pig manure. There is a farm in Thailand that feeds 50,000 laying hens and feeds 10,000 pigs. A year-old pig can increase income by $10.20.
5. Chicken manure fly larvae and pupae: the use of chicken manure breeding maggots and pupae, as a high protein animal feed, has been widely promoted in foreign farming methods, not only can provide high protein feed for livestock and poultry, and can The increase in economic efficiency.
After the fermentation of chicken manure: Strictly compacted with plastic film compaction, sealed strictly preserved, as long as the seal is good, generally not bad, conditional can buy the appropriate vacuum packaging machine, vacuum packaging plastic bags, you can save six months Above, and carry on the sale of transportation.
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