Bolag Proton Therapy Center: Protons are similar to heavy ions, and patients are not suitable for heavy ion therapy.
In the 1950s, proton radiation was considered for cancer treatment; in the 21st century, multi-country began to build proton therapy centers, and China officially entered the leading era of proton therapy. Since then, proton therapy has entered the field of vision. However, proton therapy and heavy ion therapy have been “bundled†in a large number of articles in the network, and some patients questioned the difference between the two. To explain this to the author: protons and heavy ions, the two are similar but different.
Proton and heavy ion technology is one of the radiotherapy methods. It is an internationally recognized cutting-edge radiotherapy technology. Protons and heavy ions belong to the same particle line. Unlike traditional photonic lines, particle lines can form energy Bragg peaks, which can concentrate on tumors. While blasting, reduce damage to healthy tissue.
As can be seen from the above figure, proton therapy and heavy ion therapy, due to the physical properties of the "Prague peak", release energy immediately after the radiation reaches the lesion, "hit" the tumor cells to achieve the purpose of killing. So is proton therapy really the same as heavy ion therapy? the answer is negative.
There is an essential difference between the proton beam and the heavy ion beam in releasing energy from the lesion, namely the "tailing effect". The Bragg peak of heavy ion physics has a tailing phenomenon. When the ray “hits†the tumor, it penetrates the lesion and causes damage to the normal healthy tissue behind the lesion. When the damage is accumulated to a certain extent, the patient will have serious side effects and complications.
The trailing effect
Compared with proton equipment, heavy ion treatment equipment is more bulky, covers a much larger area than the former, and has higher construction costs. On the other hand, the study of heavy ion therapy is less mature than proton therapy, and neither the theory nor the experiment can reach the level of proton therapy. Therefore, only a few centers in Japan, Shanghai, and other places around the world have built heavy ion therapy, and the number of proton therapy centers in the world has exceeded 50.
LET (light energy transfer) is the light energy transfer. The X-rays known to most patients belong to low LET, which is low energy to the lesion. Proton and heavy ion rays are high LET, but heavy ions are higher than protons. some. In the face of some large tumor cells, the damage of heavy ion rays is stronger than that of proton rays, and the curative effect is better. But at the same time, this is also a shortcoming of heavy ion rays. When treating important organs such as brainstem and heart, the excessive lethality of heavy ion rays will damage surrounding healthy tissues and cause side effects of patients. Therefore, contraindications for heavy ion therapy include central nervous system tumors and childhood tumors, and proton therapy for children's tumors has reached consensus in the international medical community.
Proton therapy and heavy ion therapy are the latest scientific research achievements in anti-cancer in the international medical community. The patients have high cure rate, wide application range and low side effects. Both treatments cover almost all cancer types of radiation therapy. At present, China has built 2 centers, 14 in construction, and 58 proposed to be built. Among them, proton therapy centers occupy a majority, which shows that China is more inclined to develop proton therapy. As the first Borag Proton Therapy Center in China, I introduced proton therapy equipment from IBA in 2002. In 2004, the center was put into use. More than 3,000 patients have been treated to date, covering more than 20 kinds of cancer. The center has a group of domestic stereotactic radiotherapy authoritative experts, has sent more than 10 clinical treatment, radiation physics experts to the United States, Sweden for long-term study, accumulated rich clinical experience, providing world-class diagnosis and treatment for domestic cancer patients.
Proton therapy is similar to heavy ion therapy. When patients have large tumor volume, heavy ion therapy can be considered. In addition, proton therapy is the best choice for patients.
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