Third, artificial insemination by artificial means, so that mature eggs and sperm contact, and complete the fertilization process, known as artificial insemination.
(A) after oxytocin broodstock inspection and sperm, egg quality judgment broodstock oxytocin, should promptly check the broodstock eggs and sperm development status, accurate control of egg collection and artificial insemination time, which is the key to the success of artificial insemination. Generally speaking, barracuda can begin to examine the maturation of broodstock eggs 12-15 h after the injection of the second needle and pay attention to the abdomen changes of the female fish. If we see that the abdominal enlargement is obvious, that is, the hydration of the mature egg causes the ovarian volume to increase significantly, indicating that ovulation is approaching. That should be strictly checked. If you have been able to squeeze a small amount of free transparent eggs, but also failed to flow smoothly, can be over: 1-2h after the inspection.
About egg and sperm quality identification characteristics are: mature egg appearance rounded, full, transparent, flexible, single oil ball, barracuda egg diameter of about 1mm, oil ball diameter of about 0.5mm. The average egg diameter of the carp is 0.93mm, the diameter of the oil ball is 0.33mm, and the size of the eggball is uniform. Oviducts are smooth, eggs slightly stick together and not in pieces, if the egg flow when the eggs such as diarrhea, uneven egg, there is a lot of "oil" in the ovarian fluid, microscopic examination found that a large number of ruptured eggs, or in Opacified spots appear in the eggs. After the egg enters the water, it is buoyant and the egg membrane swells without elasticity. The egg can not be fertilized. The heads of the squid and limpid fish are round and have a diameter of about 1.2 μm. The inverted trapezoidal neck is 1.2 μm long, 0.8 μm widest and 36 μm long. The mature sperm is milky white, slightly thick, and spreads quickly after entering the water. A single drop of semen can be placed on a glass slide, activated with a drop of saline or seawater, and placed under a microscope to observe its activity. With good quality semen, the sperm is intense. Poor quality, sperm only weak swing in place, or even inactive, such lean should not be used.
(B) The method of artificial insemination In the inspection of broodstock, when a good quality egg can be extruded in large quantities, it is possible to proceed with egg collection for artificial insemination. Artificial insemination can be applied to the method, wet method and semi-wet method.
Dry method: First wipe the fish of the egg-filling device and the broodstock, squeeze the mature eggs in the container, and immediately squeeze the male semen (or suck it with a straw, drop it on the eggs), use feathers or Gently stir the hands to make the eggs and eggs evenly mixed. After 1-2min of rest, add a small amount of clarified seawater, stir and rest for 1-2min, and then wash with seawater several times to remove blood clots and ovarian tissue and other contaminants from the eggs. After counting, move into the incubator for incubation.
Wet method: Hold some seawater or brackish water in the container first, then squeeze into the semen, then squeeze the human egg, or squeeze the eggs into the water at the same time, mix the eggs and eggs for about 0.5 minutes, and then add seawater or brackish water to wash.
Semi-wet method: first squeeze the semen in a clean small container, then pick eggs in a clean insemination box, add a small amount of seawater, dilute the semen and pour on the eggs, and then stir the essence and eggs, and then add seawater to wash. In the process of artificial insemination, avoid strong direct sunlight, the action should be brisk, and do not hurt the broodstock.
(c) Counts of fertilized eggs can be counted using the gravimetric method and the volumetric method. More commonly used capacity method.
Volumetric method: Eggs used for artificial insemination, before washing (without water absorption), first measure the volume of all eggs in the cup, and multiply by the number of eggs per unit volume. For water-swelled eggs, use a certain number of containers (usually bowls) and multiply by the number of eggs in the unit container.
Gravimetric method: First, we call the weight of all eggs and multiply the number of eggs per unit weight. For eggs that have been fertilized dry, they are weighed before washing (weighing grams) and multiplied by the number of grains per gram. The spawning number of a lobster fish can be calculated as 2500 eggs per gram of eggs.
Fourth, artificial incubation Artificial incubation is based on the characteristics of the physiological and ecological characteristics of the embryonic development stage of fish, to create appropriate conditions for hatching, careful management work, so that the normal development of embryos into fry, in order to achieve the best hatching effect.
(I) Incubation water environment
1. The water temperature of the water temperature squid can be 11 to 24°C, the suitable water temperature is 18 to 24°C, and the optimum water temperature is about 22°C. The water temperature exceeds 25°C and the mortality rate reaches 90%. The temperature of the fish that can be hatched is 12-24°C, and the optimum water temperature is 15-24°C. When the water temperature is lower than 12°C, or higher than 25°C, the embryos stop developing and die. Even a small amount of hatching will affect the viability of the fry. The speed of embryonic development depends on the temperature of the water. Within a suitable temperature range, the higher the temperature, the faster the development process and the shorter the incubation time. When the fertilized eggs of the carp hatch at the water temperature of 23-24.5°C, they hatched at 34-38h, and at 22.5-23.7°C, the larvae hatched after 49-54h. Barracuda in the appropriate temperature range, the general required incubation time is 35-65h. Under the condition of flowing water incubation) when the water temperature is 14.2-22°C, it takes about 56h, 30min. When the water temperature is 16.8-22°C, it takes about 48h. When the water temperature is 19-24°C, it takes about 37h.
2. The salinity of the salinity salmon fertilized eggs is 24.39-35.29‰, and the optimum salinity is 30-32‰. Sylvester (1975) showed that the survival rate was significantly reduced when the salinity was 28 ‰ or less. However, the eggs in the Xinglin Bay, Xiamen Bay, still have good hatching effects under salinity conditions of 23.66-27.51 ,, which indicates that the egg requirements for salinity are different due to the different broodstock habitats. The spawning eggs can hatch in brackish freshwater with a salinity of 3–28 ,, but embryos with salinity above 7 å‘育 are well developed. According to the test of fertilized eggs produced by barracudas undergoing a “salt water transition†conducted by the Jiangsu Provincial Department of Aquatic Sciences, it is buoyant in seawater with a salinity of 15 , or more, and in the brackish water with a salinity of 13 ‰ or less. Sex. Therefore, it is advisable to use fresh brackish water or seawater of 15 ‰ or more in the hydrothermal incubation to allow the eggs to float on the surface of the water and obtain more oxygen. For the hatching of the flowing water, it is better to use fresh and salty water of about 14 ,. At this time, the eggs are half-floating. Keep tumbling up and down in the water so that the surface of the water will not cause oxygen deficiency and death.
3. The pH value is suitable for the embryonic development of limnoides with a pH value of 7.0-9.0, and 7.5-8.5 is most suitable. At pH values ​​below 0.2 or above 9.4, embryos and even fry can cause death.
4. Dissolved oxygen fishes are prone to breathing during embryonic development and have poor tolerance to anoxia. When the amount of dissolved oxygen in the water is insufficient, it will cause stunting and stagnation, resulting in abnormal fry or death. Barracuda eggs in the hatching require dissolved oxygen in water not less than 3mg/L. When the amount of dissolved oxygen dropped below 2.5 mg/L, the development of the embryo was hindered and the hatched fish seedlings were sluggish. When the dissolved oxygen is below 0.8 mg/L, the embryo will disintegrate. Carp should maintain dissolved oxygen above 5mg/L during embryonic development. In the normal range of normal oxygen content, the higher the amount of oxygen, the more normal embryos hatched, and the rich dissolved oxygen can accelerate the development of the embryo. The experiment indicated that under similar temperature conditions, the length of incubation of the spawning eggs in running water is shorter than the incubation time in still water. If the flowing water is incubated at the water temperature of 17-24.6°C, the time from fertilization to hatching is 38h, 30min. However, when the still water is incubated at a water temperature of 19.5-23°C, it takes 51h. This is because oxygen can be fully supplied under flowing water conditions, which accelerates the development of the embryo. Of course, running water may also be related to the growth of embryos and thus early hatching.
5. Predator pests have a great influence on embryonic development. Because eggs have no free movement and resistance to predators, they are often attacked and mutilated by predator organisms during embryonic development. Therefore, hatching should be done as much as possible. Prevent the entry of predators such as small fish, shrimp, and large leeches into the incubator. Incubation water must be strictly filtered. At the same time, we must also pay attention to preventing the attack of pathogenic organisms on eggs. Nass et al. (Nash, 1974), in the hatching of carp eggs, seawater was filtered, irradiated (ultraviolet sterilized) and treated with antibiotics, using penicillin 19 international units/ml and streptomycin 0.01 mg/ml, effectively reducing Breeding of bacteria in seawater.
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[Name] Medical Cold Patch
[Package Dimension] 36 round pieces
The Pain Relief Patch is composed of three layers, namely, backing lining, middle gel and protective film. It is free from pharmacological, immunological or metabolic ingredients.
[Scope of Application] For cold physiotherapy, closed soft tissue only.
[Indications]
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[How To Use a Patch]
Please follow the Schematic Diagram. One piece, one time.
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[Attention]
Do not apply the patch on the problematic skin, such as wounds, eczema, dermatitis,or in the eyes. People allergic to herbs and the pregnant are advised not to use the medication. If swelling or irritation occurs, please stop using and if any of these effects persist or worsen.notify your doctor or pharmacist promptly. Children using the patch must be supervised by adults.
[Storage Conditions] Store below 30c in a dry place away from heat and direct sunlight.
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