The autumn bean growing environment is characterized by high ambient temperature, high rainfall, and a large source of bacteria (Sporisorium spp.) in the field where the spring beans are left behind. Therefore, rust is easy to occur in autumn beans, comprehensive prevention and treatment should be carried out as soon as possible.
The main symptoms of the whole period of growth of beans can be infected with pathogenic bacteria, but during the period between the beginning of flowering and fruiting, the resistance is weakened and the susceptibility is enhanced. The disease is dominated by invading leaves. The chlorotic yellowish-white spots appear below the leaves at the beginning of the disease. The spots gradually increase until the entire leaf is covered. On the corresponding back surface of the lesions, the harps spores, which are slightly yellowish-brown, are generated. The uredia spores burst after the rupture of the uredia spores, and black teliospores are sometimes formed on the old leaves of the late growth stage. Leaves yellow and fall off, the plants are short, the pods are small and small, the growth period is shortened, and finally it is dead and dead.
The pathogens were Basidiomycotina and Uromyces, and the infestation source was the scutellaria spp. in the remnants of the spring bean seedlings or in the field, and the spores germinated to produce germ tubes that invaded the host with stomata. At 18-25°C, when the humidity of the air is heavy or the fog is heavy, the water droplets on the surface of the host are most likely to invade the host. The diseased plants are transmitted through the airflow, insects, and humans and animals in the field between the plants and the summer spores. Caused by frequent reinfection, the produced teliospore was the primary infestation source for spring legume crops in the following year.
The prevention and control methods are based on the strengthening of the management of soil-based fertilizers and water, and the comprehensive prevention and treatment measures supplemented by timely spraying and prevention.
1, remove the body and reduce the source of infection. After harvesting the spring bean, the stubble shoots were collected and burned to reduce the source of infection.
2, selection and selection. 1 Select planting. Selection of disease-resistant varieties, from the wolfberry cultivation, should be double-lined or single-line species, so easy to remove water and dredge ventilation, is not conducive to the landing and invasion of summer spores. 2 selection. It is best to choose the former crop as a plot for planting grasses, and the former crop as a plot for growing legumes or peanuts. This will prevent direct invasion of rust.
3, a reasonable fertilization. Applying basal fertilizer, applying topdressing as early as possible, and increasing phosphorus and potassium fertilizers, enhance root nodule activity, thicken plant growth, thick green leaves, and enhance disease resistance.
4, timely spraying control. In the early onset of spraying control. The agent can be sprayed with 50% triadimefamide 600-800 times or 50% sulfur suspension agent 500-600 times or 70% thiophanate-methyl 800-1000 times. Spray once every 8 to 10 days and spray 2 or 3 times.
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