Calcium is an indispensable element of fruit trees. When apples are deficient in calcium, they will develop physiological diseases such as bitter pox disease, acne spot disease, and water heart disease, and cause symptoms such as cracks and roughness on the surface of the fruit. Therefore, it must be taken seriously.
Causes of calcium deficiency: 1. Rainy days or dry days can induce apple calcium deficiency. 2. The transpiration of young fruit is inhibited after bagging, and it is easy to lack calcium. 3. Fruit trees with dense branches, poor ventilation and poor light transmission, and young fruits in the middle and lower parts are prone to calcium deficiency. Therefore, densely planted apple orchards and bagging gardens should pay attention to calcium supplementation in rainy or dry years.
Specific measures for calcium supplementation: 1. 4-5 weeks after flowering (within one month before bagging) is a favorable period for apple calcium supplementation. Combined with spraying, it can spray 2-4 times of calcium fertilizer every year to quickly add calcium, each time 10 days apart; spray calcium fertilizer 4-8 weeks before harvesting fruit and dip fruit with calcium solution after harvest. Prevent the occurrence of calcium deficiency symptoms in fruits.
2. Rational application of organic fertilizer, mixed with the application of superphosphate. Calcium in calcium, magnesium phosphate or phosphate gypsum is transported into the xylem of fruit trees through ion exchange and water transport. In recent years, due to the large application of inorganic fertilizers, soil compaction has resulted in the reduction of free calcium absorption in roots of fruit trees. Implementing orchard planting grass and planting green manure can increase the content of organic matter in the soil and facilitate the absorption and utilization of calcium.
3. Implement nutritional diagnosis, balance fertilization, properly control the amount of nitrogen and potassium fertilizer, and ensure the dynamic balance between nitrogen, potassium and magnesium. Foliar application of calcium, magnesium, zinc fertilizer to supplement trace elements to promote the absorption and utilization of calcium.
4. Use high-quality foliar calcium fertilizer with high content, strong activity and fast absorption, such as amino acid calcium or chelated calcium.
5. Foliar calcium should be sprayed on the fruit or on the back of the leaf as much as possible, and do not increase the concentration arbitrarily to avoid phytotoxicity.
In addition, while the leaf surface is supplemented with calcium, mixing a low concentration (generally no more than 100 mg / liter) growth regulator can promote the transport of calcium to the fruit.
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