It is well known that newborn pigs have poor adaptability, poor body temperature regulation, poor gastrointestinal digestive function, and are prone to death from disease, leading to significant economic losses for live pig breeding. How to improve the survival rate of piglets is a problem that most farmers need to solve. In the process of production, the author adopted the following measures on the physiological characteristics and growth patterns of the newborn pigs, effectively reduced the mortality of the pigs, and thus significantly improved the economic benefits of raising pigs.
Do a good job of insulation work
The most suitable environmental temperature for the piglets is: 35°C within 6 hours after birth; 34°C for 2 days and 4 days; 30°C for 7 days; 26°C for 28 days and 8 days; °C. The organs, organs and functions of newborn pigs are in the immature state. The piglets have thin hair, thin skin, and few oils. They lack the ability of self-regulation. The low temperature environment can easily cause freezing and freezing of the piglets. Now that we have entered late autumn, and the temperature is already below 18°C ​​in the evening, if the sub-pigs can't eat colostrum in time, they can easily become weak and even cause death. Especially in the cold season, give special attention to the heat preservation work of the pig house. Insulation boxes can be set up in the pig house and infrared heat lamps or heating plates can be installed to keep the temperature constant; semi-closed breeding methods should be adopted. That is, after the pigs are fed, the pigs are rushed to the house to excrete the feces, and the rest of the time is raised in the house. This will not only help to keep the house dry, but also help maintain the house temperature.
Using the birthbed
The sows use the obstetrics to produce the child to manage, which can effectively improve the sanitation conditions of the sow on the pigs and the pigs. It can effectively reduce the incidence of sub-swine's casualties and diseases. The pigs are robust and orderly, laying a good foundation for the growth and finishing stages.
Fixed nipples to eat good colostrum pigs 2 days to 3 days after birth Pigs can eat colostrum in time is one of the key measures to improve the survival rate of piglets. Postpartum breast-feeding in time allows the pig to obtain maternal antibodies and produce immunity. Artificially assisting the pigs to fix the nipples, artificially placing the pigs on the side of the sow's teat and helping them fix the nipples and eat the colostrum. Let the pigs develop the habit of fixing the nipples. Let the small pigs eat the nipples in front of them, and let the larger ones eat the nipples in the back, because the amount of milk in the front is more than that in the back. This allows pigs with a small body weight to eat enough milk to increase the uniformity and survival of the pigs.
Timely iron supplementation
Iron supplementation of newborn pigs is an easily overlooked but very important measure. The piglets grow fast, and the amount of iron required is large. When sows feed less than 5% of the pig's iron during lactation, piglets are prone to iron deficiency anemia after birth. Iron-poor pigs often show signs of lack of energy, slow growth, difficulty in attracting food, prone to diarrhea, pneumonia, etc. The only solution is iron supplementation. The most effective way to prevent anemia in piglets is to intramuscular injection of iron supplements at 3 days and 10 days after birth.
Early feed
Early-feeding piglets grow quickly, have strong adaptability, and have low stress at weaning. According to the characteristics of the development of the digestive organs of the pigs, a feed with strong palatability and full nutritional value can be prepared. The pigs are fed at the age of 5 days to 7 days, and the pigs are kept in the incubator until the pigs are hungry. When the feed is placed, it is passively grazing, training twice a day - 4 times. Early foraging of the piglet promotes the formation of gastric acid, which activates pepsin to digest the feed and lays a good material foundation for early weaning.
Early weaning technology
Early weaning can shorten the breeding cycle of sows, increase the number of production per year and number of nests, improve feed utilization, reduce feed consumption, increase the weight and uniformity of the pigs, and reduce the death of the pigs. The increase in appetite for one-month-old pigs is an important period for the transition from feeding to all feeding and independent living. In this process, we must grasp the “four transitionsâ€: First, the pigs should be gradually transitioned during weaning. Take steps to gradually reduce the number of feedings. The second is to gradually change the composition of the feed, so that the digestive tract of the pig has a process of adaptation to minimize the stress response. Weaning can gradually change the feed composition after 1 month. Thirdly, the change of the number of feedings should be gradually transformed. After 1 month of weaning, the feeding frequency of the pigs can be gradually reduced, which is favorable to the development of the gastrointestinal tract and prevents the occurrence of gastrointestinal diseases. Fourthly, the increase in the amount of feed should be gradually transferred. After weaning, the amount of feed should be gradually increased, and the principle of “eight-point fullness†should be mastered. Binge-eating should be strictly prohibited to ensure the healthy growth of weaned pigs.
Fostering
When the sub-pig is not enough for feeding, it is necessary to adopt foster care. When fostering, the sow should be selected so that the sows whose time interval is no more than 3 days, and the sub-pigs are artificially assisted and eat 1 to 2 days of colostrum. Pigs are placed in front of the pigs to apply the same strongly odor-free liquid (such as iodine) to the foster pigs and the pigs in this column. Otherwise, the sow-sensitive sows will bite them because of the smell of the piglets. Die or refuse to breastfeed.
Do preventive work
First of all, we should do daily sanitation, disinfection, isolation and harmless treatment. Secondly, sows should be vaccinated regularly with swine fever, foot-and-mouth disease, blue ear disease, swine erysipelas, and pulmonary and epidemic encephalitis and other vaccines. One month after the injection of parvovirus, the sows were injected with pseudorabies 1 month before delivery and about 30 days before the injection of E. coli trivalent vaccine. This can effectively reduce the occurrence of sub-pig epidemics and significantly increase the survival rate of pigs. The economic benefits of raising pigs.
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